Black soldier fly larvae(BSFL，Hermetia illucens L.)bioconversion for biodegradable waste generates a novel type of biofertilizer，i.e.，BSFL vermicompost.Although it has the potential value of improving soil quality and health，its actual effect needs to be described from the perspective of field application.Two fertilization test schemes of chemical fertilizer(PC)and BSFL vermicompost(PM)were set up，and the dynamic effects of BSFL vermicompost on soil nutrients，carbon pool，enzyme activity and bacterial community were investigated by conducting a loquat field experiment.The result showed that:(1)The application of BSFL vermicompost increased soil pH，which could “hedge” the acidification trend of soil，increased the soil carbon pool by 14.7%，increased the concentration of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)by 43%，and increased the total nitrogen by 7.88%.(2)The activities of soil sucrase，urease and hydroxidase were increased by 14.5%，12.3% and 21.5%，respectively，with the application of BSFL vermicompost.(3)For the treatment of BSFL vermicompost，the bacterial diversity(Shannon index)decreased by 6.67%，but the uniformity(Simpson index)increased by 5.42%，compared with PC；The application of BSFL vermicompost increased the relative abundance of soil Proteobacteria，Actinobacteria，and Bacteroidetes，and induced the dominant growth of soil Clostridiaceae-1，Sphingobacteriaceae，Sphingomonadaceae，Pseudomonadaceae and Hyphomicrobiaceae.(4)While BSFL vermicompost significantly promoted the “personalized” evolution of soil bacterial community，its components were significantly affected by soil ammonium nitrogen(14.0%)and carbon/nitrogen ratio(12.3%)，while the formation of soil DOM was positively correlated with the relative abundance of Verrucom.In summary，field experiments indicated that the application of BSFL vermicompost could enhance soil carbon sequestration，increase enzyme activity and induce the evolution of bacterial community，which was beneficial to improve soil quality and health.