Rational fertilization is an important measure to ensure agricultural production in Anhui province，which is an important agricultural province in China.It is important to clarify the current fertilization status and problems for scientific guidance of fertilization.In this study，farmers in different regions of Anhui province are sampled and investigated，including fertilizer varieties，fertilizer dosage，fertilization methods and planting areas.According to the survey results，the total amount，intensity，mode and variety of fertilizer input in different regions and for different crops in Anhui province are analyzed.The results show that:(1)The total amount and intensity of chemical fertilizer application in Anhui province are 3.128 million tons and 342 kg/hm²，respectively.Although the use of chemical fertilizer in the whole province has gradually decreased，there are great differences in fertilizer input among different regions and different crops.The total amount of chemical fertilizer input in northern Anhui is the largest，followed by central Anhui and southern Anhui.Excessive fertilization of vegetables，fruit trees and other economic crops is common，and excessive or insufficient fertilizer application coexist in grain crops.(2)At present，the popularization rate of mechanized fertilization in the whole province is 55.5%，but the regional difference is large，mainly concentrated in northern Anhui province，and the popularization rate in central and southern Anhui province is low；Mechanized fertilization is mainly concentrated on grain crops，and the proportion of mechanized fertilization on economic crops is low.(3)In the aspect of fertilizer varieties，there are some problems such as paying attention to chemical fertilizer input and insufficient organic alternative application.The organic fertilizer inputs of cash crop such as fruits，vegetables and tea are mainly from commercial organic fertilizer，manure and cake fertilizer，but the fertilization technology needs to be improved.In conclusion，compared with 2014，the total amount and intensity of chemical fertilizer in Anhui province have been greatly reduced，which showed that the province has achieved the goal of zero growth of chemical fertilizer in 2020 in advance，but the unreasonable application of chemical fertilizer still exists.Therefore，we should strengthen macro-control，implement reasonable regional distribution of chemical fertilizer resources，and adjust measures according to local conditions.Through the total amount control，increasing the proportion of organic substitution，strengthening the promotion of mechanized fertilization and other ways to reduce fertilizer application，improve economic and environmental benefits.