In view of the differences in fertilization and agronomic practices between greenhouse and farmland，accurate estimates of the distribution，accumulation and leaching losses of phosphorus(P)in deep soil profiles are crucial for efficient P utilization and employing measures to reduce its losses. Hence，to assessed the effects of land-use change from farmlands to greenhouses on P surplus，accumulation and vertical distribution of soil P in deep profiles in the northeastern Loess Plateau，by investigating the input and output of P in solar greenhouses and farmland，and collecting soil profile samples of 0～400 cm layer. The contents of Olsen-P and CaCl2-P in the soil were measured. The results showed excessive P fertilization(P2O5 897 kg/hm²)resulted in an excessive annual P surplus(P2O5 679 kg/hm²)in greenhouses，which was 10.9 times higher than that in farmlands. The average Olsen-P content in the 0～20 cm layer in greenhouse was 400.5 mg/kg，which was 44 times higher than that in the farmland. The accumulation of Olsen-P at 0～40，40～100，100～200，200～300，300～400 and 0～400 cm layer soil profiles in greenhouse were 1637，443，277，378，258 and 2993 kg/hm²，respectively，which were significantly higher compared to those of the farmland(41，54，122，174，163 and 554 kg/hm²). More than 45.3% of Olsen-P accumulation in the soil profile(0～400 cm layer)of greenhouses were below a soil depth of 40 cm，indicating high rate of P leaching loss. Regression analysis revealed that the vertical distribution of soil CaCl2-P was significant positively regulated by Olsen-P. The insights gained on Olsen-P and CaCl2-P accumulation and movement within deep soil profiles highlight that the land-use change from farmland to greenhouse significantly increased the soil P accumulation and leaching loss. It is urgent to optimize the P application rate and adopt better P management practices in the greenhouse vegetable production system to avoid further accelerate in these losses.