In order to screen eco-green fertilizer，study the application effect of microbial fertilizer (B)and optimize the application method，the effects of different combinations of microbial fertilizer and conventional chemical fertilizer (NPK)were compared in this experiment on the growth traits，disease conditions and flower yield of rose，as well as the soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial quantity. The results showed that NPK+B had significant effects on plant height and branch number of rose，which increased by 33.3% and 31.8%，compared with the control. B+M (M=Marure)promoted branch but had no effect on stem diameter. The content of soil physical clay in NPK+B+M and B+M treatment groups ranged from 34%-41%，and soil texture was significantly improved. The increase of B，M and B+M in each treatment could adjust the pH to a suitable range of weak acidity，and improved the soil pH properties. All fertilization treatments increased the amount and yield of roses，and the increase of microbial fertilizer could effectively reduce the occurrence of black spot disease，improve the utilization rate of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer，and increase the plant height，stem diameter and the number of new branches，thereby increasing the yield. The disease index decreased from 13.23 to 7.17 compared with CK. The NPK+B+M showed the highest yield increase，reaching 67.8%，followed by NPK+M，NPK and B+M. Through continuous application of microbial fertilizer，the number of bacteria，fungi and actinomycetes in the soil of rose planting area was significantly increased compared with CK，and “fungi/(bacteria×10)” reached 1.042. The correlation analysis showed that the number of fungi and actinomycetes had a significant positive correlation with the growth index of rose，and had a significant negative correlation with the disease index. In conclusion，the application of microbial fertilizer for improving soil microenvironment not only plays a regulatory role in preventing diseases and promoting growth of roses，but also can replace or reduce the use of chemical pesticides and chemical fertilizers in actual production，effectively reduce management difficulties and production costs，and improve the ecological environment.