Effects of layered application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer under seed on peanut growth and development，nutrient accumulation，yield，quality and soil physical and chemical properties were studied by peanut nutrition layered fertilization-ridge-sow combination machine，in order to provide scientific basis for soil conditioning and efficient fertilization of summer peanut in vertisol soil area. The results showed that fertilizer applied under seed improved agronomic and economic properties of peanut，improved physical and chemical properties of soil，increased nutrient accumulation of peanut. The content of oleic acid increased by 1.94 percentage points on average，yield increased by 554.0 kg/hm² and 11.2% on average，compared with those of the broadcast application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer，among of them，the peanut pod yield of layered application of 600 kg/hm² organic fertilizer and 600 kg/hm² chemical fertilizer at 5 and 8 cm under seed was the highest，which was 5759.4 kg/hm². Yield of peanut with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer layered application in 5 and 8 cm under seed was higher than that of with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer applied in 5 cm layer，increased averagely by 175.7 kg/hm² and 3.3%，and oleic acid content in peanut kernel increased averagely by 0.89 percentage points. When chemical fertilizer application was reduced by 25%，yield of peanut with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer under seed increased by 258.1-419.4 kg/hm² and 5.2%-8.5% on average，and oleic acid content in peanut kernel increased averagely by 0.75-1.71 percentage points，compared with those of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer broadcast application，among them，effects of increasing yield and improving quality was better when organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer were layered applied in 5 and 8 cm under seed. In brief，compared with those of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer broadcast application，when application of chemical fertilizer was reduced by 25%，the yield of peanut with layered application of 600 kg/hm²organic fertilizer and 450 kg/hm² chemical fertilizer in 5 and 8 cm under seed was increased by 419.4 kg/hm² and 8.5%，which could realize synergistic effect of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer，and achieve purpose of chemical fertilizer reduction and large-scale balanced yield increase，it should be popularized and applied in main production areas of summer peanut.