Vermicompost was rich in organicmatter，humic acidand microbiota.Vermicompost was a common organic fertilizer as a substrate used for plant nutrients supply and improvement of soil physical and chemicalproperties，but its effects on the growth and quality of Chineseyam( Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv.Tiegun)is notclear.In thisstudy，the vermicompost of Eisenia foetida fed with lignocellulose was used as substrate combined with probiotics for the study of application effects onYam.The changes of vermicompost with probiotics on the growth and quality of yam werestatisticallyanalyzed，and the effects on the symbiotic microbial community of yam wereexplored.The results showed that the application of vermicompost with probiotic fertilizer promoted the height and weight ofyamplant，and increased the yieldsof Yam.Besides，the content of flavonoids in per gram weight of yam during harvest time increased by 2.48mg，with 37.48% increaserate.The contents of solublesugar，protein and saponin increasedby0.26，0.14 and 0.31times，respectively.The analysis of rhizosphere and endophytic microbial community structures in different growth stages of Chinese Yam showed that afterfertilization，the abundance of Streptomyces，Sphingomonas，Bacillus， Metarhizium decreased in rhizospheresoil，the abundance of these species changed significantly in the rhizosphere microorganisms and soil physicochemical properties weresignificantlycorrelated，while the abundance of Pantoea and Cladosporium were significantly increased in the endophyticsystem.The abundance of pathogenic microorganisms such as Ralstonia and Cyphellophora decreasedsignificantly.The application of vermicompost combined with probiotic fertilizer improved the rhizosphere microecological health ofyam，reduced morbidity and improved the quality of yam.