The effects of reduced chemical fertilizer combined with microbial fertilizer on yield, quality of cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum)and soil nutrients were explored, to study the suitable application amount of microbial fertilizer and provide a practical basis for achieving the green development goal of “reducing chemical fertilizer and increasing efficiency”in the cultivation of cherry tomatoes. A field experiment was conducted with six treatments:(1)CK, without fertilizer；(2)SI, 100% chemical fertilizer treatment；(3)SM, 100% microbial fertilizer；(4)MC1, 50% chemical fertilizer and 25% microbial fertilizer；(5)MC2, 50% chemical fertilizer and 50% microbial fertilizer；(6)MC3, 50% chemical fertilizer and 100% microbial fertilizer. Soil samples of 0-20 cm soil layer were collected at the start of the experiment and during the harvesting period of cherry tomatoes, and soil nutrients, microbial population and enzyme activities were measured. The indexes such as sweetness, Vc, nitrate, reducing sugar, crude protein and crude ash content related to cherry tomatoes quality and fruit yield were measured. The result showed that:(1)Compared with the SI treatment, MC1, MC2 and MC3 treatments significantly increased soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available nitrogen content, increased by 11.9%-23.7%, 7.8%-22.5%, 2.7%-27.4% and 10.2%-51.8%, respectively. (2)Compared with SI, the number of bacteria, actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and yeast under the MC2 and MC3 treatments were increased by 10.6%-18.0%, 7.1%-11.8%, 28.9%-41.3%, 13.3%-18.7%, respectively, and the number of fungi was decreased by 11.4%-28.1%. (3)Soil urease, sucrase, catalase and acid phosphatase activities were enhanced under MC1, MC2 and MC3 treatments compared to SI treatment, increased by 8.5%-28.7%, 17.3%-80.7%, 6.1%-45.1% and 33.3%-110%. The soil urease, sucrase, catalase and acid phosphatase activities were enhanced by 16.1%, 59.3%, 30% and 85.3% under the SM treatment. (4)MC1, MC2 and MC3 treatments reduced nitrate content in cherry tomatoes by 18.2%-36.6% effectively compared with SI treatment, increased the Vc content of cherry tomatoes by 16.5%-21.7%；the 100% microbial fertilizer treatment increased the Vc content, sugar content and crude protein content of cherry tomatoes by 16.9% , 34.6% and 23.5%, respectively, decreased the nitrate content of cherry tomatoes by 59.72%. (5)Compared with SI, the treatments of MC1, MC2, MC3 increased the yield by 6900-17400 yuan/hm², and the economic benefit was the highest under MC2. In short, in cherry tomatoes production, the reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with application of microbial fertilizer improved soil quality and cherry tomatoes quality, ensured the increase of cherry tomatoes yield, reduced chemical fertilizer application and production cost. The application of reduced fertilizer combined with microbial fertilizer had better economic efficiency and the ecology of cherry tomatoes, especially for 50% chemical fertilizer and 50% compound microbial fertilizer model.