纳米碳对设施番茄土壤酶活性、速效养分 及产量品质的影响
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(1.首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京 100048;2.北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点 实验室,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081;3.北京农学院,北京 102206)

作者简介:

李嘉欣(1998-),硕士研究生,主要从事土壤生态和 环境修复研究。E-mail:1810698182@qq.com。

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基金项目:企业项目(2020KF086)。


Effects of nano-carbon on soil enzyme activity,available nutrients and yield and quality of tomato in facilities
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(1.College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048 ; 2.State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100081; 3.Beijing University of Agricultural,Beijing 102206)

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    摘要:

    探讨纳米碳添加对土壤酶活性、土壤速效养分、番茄产量品质的影响。以“普罗旺斯”品种的番茄为材 料,在河北石家庄温室大棚进行纳米碳培肥试验,设置 4 个施肥处理:化肥(CK)、化肥 + 清水(CKH)、化肥 +0.1% 纳米碳(C1)、化肥 +0.3% 纳米碳(C2),研究添加不同量纳米碳对土壤碳氮转化相关酶活性、硝态氮、 速效钾、番茄产量与品质的影响。结果表明,(1)施加纳米碳可显著提高土壤 β-1,4- 葡萄糖苷酶、β- 纤维二 糖苷酶、β-1,4-N- 乙酰葡糖氨糖苷酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶的活性。(2)施加纳米碳可提高土壤硝态氮、速效钾含 量。采收旺盛期,C1、C2 处理比 CK 土壤硝态氮含量提高 50.7%、122.8%,比 CKH 土壤硝态氮含量提高 46.1%、 115.9%。收获期,C1 处理的土壤速效钾含量比 CK、CKH 土壤速效钾含量高 32.0%、35.1%,C2 处理下的土壤速 效钾含量比 CK、CKH 的土壤速效钾含量高 52.4%、55.9%,C2 比 C1 处理土壤速效钾含量提高 15.4%。(3)施用 不同量纳米碳均表现出增产的效果,对部分番茄品质指标数值有提升作用。化肥中添加适量纳米碳可提高土壤碳 氮转化相关酶活性,提高土壤对碳和氮的利用、转化,提高土壤硝态氮、速效钾含量,对番茄有增产提质的潜力。

    Abstract:

    The effects of nano-carbon addition on soil enzyme activity,soil available nutrients,and tomato yield and quality were studied. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in Shijiazhuang,Hebei province,with four fertilization treatments: chemical fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer + water(CKH),chemical fertilizer + 0.1% nano-carbon (C1), chemical fertilizer + 0.3% nano-carbon(C2). The effects of nano-carbon on enzyme activities related to soil carbon and nitrogen conversion,nitrate nitrogen,available potassium,and tomato yield and quality were investigated. The results showed that:(1)Application of nano-carbon significantly increased the activities of soil β-1,4-glucosidase, β-cellulosidase,β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase,and leucine aminopeptidase.(2)Application of nano-carbon improved the soil nitrate nitrogen and available potassium content. During the peak harvesting period,soil nitrate nitrogen content increased by 50.7% and 122.8% in C1 and C2 treatment compared with CK,and by 46.1% and 115.9% compared with CKH, respectively. At harvest,soil available potassium content was 32.0% and 35.1% higher under C1 treatment than those of CK and CKH,52.4% and 55.9% higher under C2 treatment than CK and CKH,and 15.4% higher under C2 than C1 treatment. (3)The application of different amounts of nano-carbon showed the effect of increasing yield and improving the values of some tomato quality indexes. The addition of appropriate amount of nano-carbon to fertilizer could improve the activity of enzymes related to soil carbon and nitrogen conversion,improve the utilization and conversion of carbon and nitrogen in soil, and increase the content of nitrate nitrogen and available potassium in soil,which had the potential to increase the yield and improve the quality of tomato.

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李嘉欣,武雪萍,李晓秀,高慧洲,宋霄君,李生平,韩紫璇,刘晓彤,张硕,刘羿含.纳米碳对设施番茄土壤酶活性、速效养分 及产量品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2023,(10):83-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-29
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  • 录用日期:2022-10-29
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-01-16
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