Optimizing fertilization management measures to achieve efficient utilization of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)nutrient resource in the tobacco-planting areas of Erhai Lake Basin(ELB)，is conducive to synergistically improving economic，flue-cured tobacco quality and environmental benefits.In this study，runoff collection devices were set up in different types of tobacco fields(Yinqiao in western Erhai and Sanying in northern Erhai)to clarify the tobacco quality，output value of flue-cured tobacco，fertilizer utilization rate，N and P nutrient runoff loss，soil inorganic N and other indicators under different treatments(no fertilizer-CK，farmers' conventional fertilization-FP，compound fertilizer-CF，organic and inorganic fertilizer combination-OAI)for K326 and Hongda varieties in the ELB.The fertilizer application types and dosages were clearly defined to achieve high output and low runoff loss.The results were as follows:There was a significant linear positive correlation(P<0.05)between runoff and precipitation in tobacco fields of ELB.Nitrate was the main form of inorganic N loss，and total dissolved phosphorus(TDP)was the main form of P loss.Compared with the FP treatment，OAI reduced the loss of TN and TP by 42.61% and 4.81% in Yinqiao，and the loss of TN and TP were reduced by 30.17% and 25.00% in Sanying，respectively.Moreover，OAI treatment performed better in various economic traits and intrinsic quality indicators，and the output and output value of flue-cured tobacco in Yinqiao，west of Erhai，were maximized，which were 3.61% and 12.85% higher than that of FP treatment，respectively.In the northern part of the Erhai，the output and output value were 4.30% and 14.87% higher than that of FP treatment，respectively.Meanwhile，the residual inorganic N in the surface soil(0-20 cm)at the harvest stage in Yinqiao and Sanying OAI treatments were lower than those in FP by 50.39% and 15.75%，respectively，effectively reducing the waste of nutrient resources.The results of this experiment provide a theoretical basis and a technical approach for the prevention and control of surface-source pollution and the efficient use of nutrient resources on farmland in the tobacco-planting areas of the ELB.