The high temperature resistant growth promoting strain was screened from the rhizosphere soil of cantaloupe，and its promoting effect was studied by pot experiment. Modified insoluble inorganic phosphorus solid medium，transparent ring method and molybdenum-antimony resistance colorimetric method were used to evaluate the phosphorus solubilization ability of the strain. The cantaloupe was used as the test material for pot experiment，and six treatments were set up，namely CK (no inoculating agent)，inoculating strain F40 (negative control)，F1，F9，F70 and B25，to explore the effects of inoculating strain on the growth of cantaloupe and soil chemical properties. A total of four strains of high temperature resistant phosphorus solubilizing bacteria were screened from the rhizosphere soil of cantaloupe，among which strain F9 was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus. The strain grew well at 55℃ and had strong phosphorus solubilizing ability. Using Ca3 (PO4)2 as the phosphorus source，the phosphorus solubilizing capacity was 457.69 μg /mL. It had the ability to produce indoleacetic acid (IAA) and the secretion of IAA was 2.81 μg /mL. Pot experiment results showed that inoculation of F9 had a significant effect on the growth of cantaloupe，which significantly increased the fresh weight of the overground part，stem length，root length and root volume of cantaloupe by 142.94%，124.11%，123.10% and 134.62%，respectively，compared with CK. After inoculated with F9，soil available phosphorus content was significantly increased by 33.52% and acid phosphatase content was significantly increased by 323.31%，compared with CK treatment. The correlation analysis showed that there were significant or extremely significant correlations between the growth indexes of cantaloupe plants and soil pH，organic matter content，alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen，available potassium，available phosphorus and acid phosphatase activity，among which the correlation between available phosphorus content and acid phosphatase content reached a very significant level. Strain F9 had strong high temperature resistance and phosphorus solubilization ability，which could effectively promote the growth of cantaloupe and improve soil nutrients，and could provide theoretical basis for further development of special bacterial fertilizer for cantaloupe.