Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are the most common source of microbial fertilizers，while pseudomonas stutzeri has attracted much attention because it can promote the growth and stress resistance of crops，and degrade organic pollutants as well. In the study，NRCB010，a pseudomonas stutzeri that can reduce the emission of nitrous oxide from farmland soil and promote the growth of crops，was taken as the object，for which the colonial morphology，physiological and biochemical characteristics were clarified. With the biomass (represented as OD600 value) of NRCB010 as the index for evaluation，the fermentation basal medium，carbon and nitrogen sources，and the corresponding concentrations were determined by univariate optimum seeking method，the composition of inorganic salts was optimized by orthogonal experimental design and range analysis，and the formula for fermentation medium was optimized by a response surface analysis. The results showed that NRCB010 colony was round，wrinkled，yellow，Gram-negative，with short rod-shaped thallus about 2 μm long and without spores. With a reducing power，it utilized a variety of carbon sources，amino acids and carboxylic acids. The modified King’s B medium was a good basal medium for NRCB010 fermentation，and the biomass of NRCB010 was the highest when 15 g/L molasses + glucose (1∶1，W/W) was used as the carbon source and 25 g/L beef extract powder as the nitrogen source. The composition of the optimal inorganic salts was as follows:1.5 g/L KH2PO4，1.5 g/L MgSO4·7H2O and 2 g/L NaCl. After optimization，the optimal fermentation medium was obtained as follows:7.1 g/L molasses，8.5 g/L glucose，22.9 g/L beef extract powder，1.3 g /L MgSO4·7H2O，2.0 g /L NaCl and 1.0 g/L KH2PO4. After 36 h of fermentation by this optimized medium，the OD600 value of NRCB010 fermentation broth was 11.09. The corresponding effective viable count is 2.87×1010 cfu/mL.