天然富硒茶产地筛选评价方法的构建与应用
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作者单位:

(1.云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南 昆明 650201;2.云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,云南 昆明 650201;3.宿州学院环境与测绘工程学院,安徽 宿州 234000;4.海南大学热带作物学院,海南 海口 570228)

作者简介:

刘娟(1990-),助理研究员,博士,主要从事农用化学物质与环境研究。E-mail:15587214232@163.com。

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基金项目:国家自然科学基金云南省联合基金(U2002210);云南省重点研发计划(2018BC003)。


Establishment and application of evaluation method for screening of natural selenium-enriched tea producing areas
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(1.College of Resource and Environmental Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;2.Yunnan Soil Fertility and Pollution Restoration Laboratory,Kunming Yunnan 650201;3.School of Environment and Surveying Engineering,Suzhou University,Suzhou Anhui 234000;4.College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou Hainan 570228)

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    摘要:

    近年来包括富硒茶在内的富硒农产品备受市场青睐,如何在广大富硒土壤区找到更适于富硒茶开发的产地,至今缺乏一套产地筛选的评价方法,因此,构建富硒茶产地筛选的评价方法,对于充分利用富硒土壤资源,推动富硒茶产业发展具有重要意义。遴选土壤pH、有机质、硒含量和茶叶硒富集系数4项参数作为评价指标,采用模糊数学模型初步构建了富硒茶产地筛选的评价方法体系,并以云南茶叶主产区临沧市和普洱市为例进行应用。研究结果表明:(1)茶园土壤pH范围为3.82~8.46,临沧市和普洱市各县茶园土壤pH达到Ⅰ级标准的土壤的比例分别为30.00%~87.50%和17.64%~80.00%,大部分土壤pH总体上适合茶树生长,偏碱土壤不适宜茶叶富集硒。(2)茶园土壤有机质含量范围在2.15~91.8 g·kg-1,有机质含量总体比较丰富,除景东县、镇沅县、思茅区、宁洱县和景谷县外,其余各县土壤有机质含量均达到Ⅰ级标准。(3)临沧市茶园土壤硒含量的范围为0.05~1.20 mg·kg-1,除云县、凤庆县和双江县外,茶园土壤硒含量平均值均达到最适宜茶园对土壤硒含量的要求;而普洱市茶园土壤硒含量的范围为0.02~1.24 mg·kg-1,普洱市只有澜沧县、孟连县和西盟县茶园土壤硒含量平均值达到茶园土壤Ⅰ级标准;茶叶对硒的富集系数的范围为0.026~17.500,研究区茶叶硒富集系数差异大。(4)评价结果显示,从空间分布上看,西部地区适宜性总体高于东部地区,适宜区主要分布在西部,在中北部和中南部也有少量分布,而不适宜和较不适宜区主要分布在东部和东北部,该区域土壤偏碱,有机质含量低,硒含量低,不能满足富硒茶种植的需求。(5)验证结果显示,产地适宜性评价结果与茶叶达到富硒茶标准的比例之间的对应关系基本相符,说明富硒茶产地筛选评价方法可行。该方法为合理开发利用富硒土壤资源、开发富硒茶叶提供了一条新途径。

    Abstract:

    In recent years,selenium-rich agricultural products,including selenium-rich tea,have become more and more popular in the market. How to find a more suitable producing area for the development of selenium-rich tea in the vast selenium-rich soil area,there is still a lack of a set of evaluation methods for screening of producing areas. Therefore,it is of great significance to construct the evaluation method of selenium-enriched tea producing area selection for making full use of selenium-enriched soil resources and promoting selenium-enriched tea industry. In this study,four parameters,including soil pH,organic matter,selenium content in soil and selenium enrichment coefficient in tea,were selected as the evaluation indexes,which were based on a large number of literatures and expert opinions. Fuzzy mathematical model was used to preliminarily establish the evaluation method system of selenium-rich tea origin screening,and Lincang city and Pu’er city,the main tea producing areas in Yunnan province,were applied as examples. The results showed that:(1)The soil pH of tea gardens ranged from 3.82 to 8.46. The proportion of soil pH of tea gardens reached the standard of Ⅰ grade was 30.00%-87.50% in Lincang city and 17.64%-80.00% in Pu’er city,respectively. The soil pH was generally suitable for the growth of tea trees.(2)The content of soil organic matter in tea garden ranged from 2.15 to 91.8 g·kg-1. And the soil organic matter content was relatively rich on the whole. Except for Jingdong county,Zhenyuan county,Simao district,Ning’er county and Jinggu county,the soil organic matter content in other counties reached the standard of Ⅰgrade. (3)The soil selenium content of tea gardens in Lincang city ranged from 0.05 to 1.20 mg·kg-1. Except for Yunxian county,Fengqing county and Shuangjiang county,the average soil selenium content of tea gardens reached the requirement of soil selenium content for the most suitable tea gardens. However,the selenium content of tea garden soil in Pu’er city ranged from 0.02 to 1.24 mg·kg-1. Only the average selenium content of tea garden soil in Lancang county,Menglian county and Ximeng county in Pu’er city reached the tea garden soil Ⅰgrade standard. The selenium enrichment coefficient of tea leaves ranged from 0.026 to 17.500,and the selenium enrichment coefficient of tea leaves in the study area varied greatly. (4)From the perspective of spatial distribution,the suitability of the western region was generally higher than that of the eastern region. The suitable areas are mainly distributed in the western region,and a small amount of suitable areas are also distributed in the central northern and southern regions,while the unsuitable and less suitable areas are mainly distributed in the eastern and northeastern regions,because the soil pH is alkaline,the soil organic matter and the selenium content are low in the eastern and northeastern regions,which cannot meet the needs of selenium-enriched tea planting. (5)The verification results showed that the corresponding relationship between the suitability evaluation results of producing area and the proportion of tea reaching the standard of selenium-rich tea was basically consistent,which indicated that the selection and evaluation method of selenium-rich tea producing area was feasible. This study can provide a new way for the rational development and utilization of selenium-rich soil resources and the development of selenium-rich tea.

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刘娟,卢维宏,朱启林,任利娟,盛宣淋,韩东锦,张乃明.天然富硒茶产地筛选评价方法的构建与应用[J].中国土壤与肥料,2023,(12):125-135.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-20
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  • 录用日期:2022-12-06
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-03-20
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