This research aimed to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality and efficiency of rapeseed production by revealing the effects of fertilizer reduction and combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers onyield，quality and soil nutrients of rapeseed. With "Zheyou 938" and "Ganyouza No.8" of rapeseed asexperimentalmaterials，five treatments were setup，including no fertilizerapplication(CK)，conventional fertilizerapplication(T1)，optimized fertilizerapplication(T2)，organic fertilizer substitution of 15% chemical fertilizerapplication(T3)，and organic fertilizer substitution of 30% chemical fertilizerapplication(T4)，to research the effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer onyields，fertilizer utilizationratio，quality and soil physical and chemical properties of rapeseed. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization application treatment and optimal fertilization applicationtreatment，the application of organic fertilizer significantly improved the yields and agronomic utilization rate of rapeseed.When the substitution rate of organic fertilizer reached30%，the increase rate of yields on rapeseed wasthehighest，ranging from 36.24% to 46.36%. The oil content and saturated fatty acid content were38.6% and5.77%，respectively. Inaddition，T4 treatment could improve soil quality andstructure，activate availablenutrients，and enhance soil fertility. Compared withconventionalfertilizer，the contents of alkali hydrolyticnitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 6.70%-34.27%，9.25%-17.00% and32.45%-83.78%，respectively；soil pH value and cation exchange capacity increased by 2.73%-4.22% and12.65%-55.33%，respectively，while soil bulk density decreased by 5.79%-16.30%. Substituting chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer under equal nutrient supply combined with fertilizer reduction can improve theyields，quality and soil nutrient content of rapeseed. Under the experimentalconditions，replacing 30% chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer has the besteffect，which can promote the recycling of nutrients and give consideration to the high quality and high yield of rapeseed and good physical and chemical properties of soil.