基于插值法分析施肥量和留叶数对烤烟的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州 贵阳 550081;2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081;3.贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州 遵义 563099;4.云南农业大学烟草学院,云南 昆明 650231;5.贵州中烟工业有限责任公司,贵州 贵阳 550001;6.福建中烟工业有限责任公司,福建 厦门 361009;7.湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南 长沙 410000)

作者简介:

朱经伟(1988-),硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为烤烟养分管理。E-mail:hiz_j_w@163.com。

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基金项目:

基金项目:中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目“贵州省基本烟田土壤质量长期定位监测”(201802);“烤烟水溶根施肥作用机制及关键技术优化与应用”(201906);“烤烟根区调控与施肥关键技术研究”(201912);“黔西南优质生态烟叶生产技术集成与示范”(KY2022JD0002);“福建中烟贵州基地单元高品质上部烟叶开发技术集成研究与应用”(3021350000340504)。


Effects of fertilization application and leaf retention number on the type development and production quality of flue-cured tobacco based on interpolation method
Author:
Affiliation:

(1.Guizhou Academy of TobaccoScience, Guiyang Guizhou550081;2.Chinese Academyof Agricultural Science,Institute of Agricultural Resources and RegionalPlanning,Key Laboratory of Eco -environment and Leaf TobaccoQuality,Beijing100081;3.Zunyi Company of GuizhouProvincial TobaccoCompany,Zunyi Guizhou563099;4.Yunnan AgriculturalUniversity,Collegeof TobaccoScience,Kunming Yunnan650231;5.Guiyang CigaretteFactory,China Tobacco Guizhou IndustrialCo.,Ltd.,Guiyang Guizhou550001;6.ChinaTobacco Fujian IndustrialCo.,Ltd.,Xiamen Fujian361009;7.China Tobacco Hunan IndustrialCo.,Ltd.,Changsha Hunan410000)

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    摘要:

    为明确烤烟适宜的施肥量和留叶数,提升烟叶生产过程中的综合效益,以施肥量和留叶数为变量,采用正交试验设计,通过插值的方法分析了不同施肥量、留叶数对烤烟农艺性状、经济性状、品质性状的影响。结果表明:随着施肥量由450 kg·hm-2 增加至600 kg·hm-2,烤烟长势显著提升,产量、均价、中部和上部烟叶主要化学成分协调性评价总分逐渐提高;随着留叶数由每株16 片增加至20 片,成熟期最大叶面积与倒3 叶面积差值逐渐增大,株形呈“倒塔形”-“筒形”-“塔形”变化。产量、产值分别提高20.8%、18.8%,上等烟率、均价分别降低7.6%、1.5%,烟叶种植净收益逐渐提高,中部和上部烟叶主要化学成分协调性评价总分均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势。在烟叶生产过程中,适度提高养分供给强度,并增加留叶数,有利于提高烟叶品质,且烟农种植净收益较高。

    Abstract:

    In order to clarify the appropriate fertilization application rate and remained leaves and improve the comprehensive benefit of tobaccoproduction,the study of fertilization application rate and remained leaves on theagronomy,economic and quality properties of tobacco leaves wereanalyzed by interpolation method. The results showedthat,as the fertilization application rate increased from 450 kg·hm-2 to 600 kg·hm-2,the growth rate of flue-cured tobacco was increased significantly. The total score of theyield,the averageprice,and the coordination evaluation of the main chemical composition of the middle and upper tobacco leaves were gradually improved. As the remained leaves increased from 16 to 20slices perstrain,the difference between the maximum leaf area and the inverted trefoil area gradually increased. The shapes of plants varied from“inverted tower shape”to“cylindrical shape”to“tower shape”.Meanwhile,the yield and output value were significantly increased by 20.8% and 18.8% and top-grade rate and average price were reduced by 7.6% and1.5%, respectively. This brings about the increasing net income of tobacco planted. The total score of the coordination evaluation in the main chemical composition in the middle and upper tobacco leaves showed a law of increasing first and then decreasing.Therefore,in the process of tobaccoproduction,it was suggested to increase the nutrient supply rate moderately andremainedleaves,which wasnot only conducive to improve the overall quality of tobaccoleaves,but also could bring about a high net income of flue-cured tobacco planted.

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朱经伟,张恒,刘青丽,彭友,刘艳霞,李寒,王新修,马亚欢,张燕,王红星,方正华,杨磊.基于插值法分析施肥量和留叶数对烤烟的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2024,(1):174-181.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-09
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:2023-07-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-04-09
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