This study aimed to reveal the changes of soil fungal community structure and diversity after Phyllostachys edulis(mosobamboo)invaded Cunninghamia lanceolata(Chinesefir)forest in Fengyang mountain. Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used and the soil physical and chemical properties were measured to assess the composition and structure of fungal community acrossthe pure Chinese firforest，pure moso bamboo forest and Chinese fir forest mixed with moso bamboo. There were26phyla，60classes，113 genera and 415 operational taxonomic units(OTU) in the 3 plantations. The dominant fungal phylum groups wereAscomycota andBasidiomycota，and the sum of their relative abundances were80.80%-83.92%，there was no significant difference between the 2 dominant fungus of the 3 plantations.Archaeorhizomycetes，Agaricomycetes，Sordariomycetes，Leotiomycetes，Tremellomycetes，Glomeromycetes， Eurotiomycetes and Saccharomycetes were relatively abundant classes in the 3plantations，the relative abundances of Archaeorhizomycetes and Agaricomycetes accounted for 50.82%-75.40%. Archaeorhizomycetes was significantly higher in Chinese fir forest mixed with moso bamboo than that in pure moso bambooforest( P<0.05)，but there was no significant difference with pure Chinese fir forest. Archaeorhizomyces was the dominantgenus(20.07%-51.51%)，which was the highest in Chinese fir forest mixed with moso bamboo and the lowest in pure mosobamboo forest，the contents of totalnitrogen，alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium in Chinese fir forest mixed with moso bamboo were significantly lower than those in pure Chinese fir forest and pure moso bamboo forest. Spearman correlation analysis between abundance of dominant genera of soil fungi and soil environmental factors showedthat，total phosphorus had significant positive correlation with Meliniomyces，Chaetomium，Hodophilus，Phialophora，Heterocephalacria(P<0.05)，and Wickerhamomyces(P<0.01). The physical and chemical properties of soil changed significantly after Phyllostachys edulis invaded Cunninghamia lanceolataforest. The totalphosphorus，availablephosphorus，pH，available potassium and carbon and phosphorus ratio were the main factors affecting the community structure of soil fungi. This study can provide a scientific basis for controlling the expansion of Phyllostachys edulis and maintaining forest ecological stability and diversity.