In order to verify the applicability of cotton nutrient expert system recommended fertilization in southern and northernXinjiang，the effects of nutrient expert recommended fertilization on cottonyield，economicbenefit，nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization rate were studied. Field trials were conducted inShawan，Changji and Bachu in Xinjiang in2020，with 6 treatments for each experiment: recommended fertilization based on nutrient expertsystem(NE)，farmers conventionalfertilization(FP)，formulated fertilization based on soil testing or recommended fertilization by the local agricultural technologyextensiondepartment(ST)，no nitrogen fertilizer applied onthe basis of NErecommendation(NE -N)，no phosphate fertilizer applied on the basis of NErecommendation(NE -P)，no potassium fertilizer applied on the basis of NErecommendation(NE-K). The results showedthat，inShawan，Changji and Bachu testsites，the yield of NE treatment was higher than that of ST and FPtreatment，and the yield increased by 4.71% and 6.68% inShawan，5.53% and 9.58% inChangji，5.81% and 9.47% inBachu，respectively. In the three testsites，compared with ST and FPtreatment，NE increased the income by 2682.13-4027.40 and 4278.95-6895.06 yuan/hm²，respectively. InShawan，nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium utilization rates of NE treatment were significantly higher than those of ST and FPtreatment，increasing by 14.65% and9.08%，10.93% and15.92%，7.26%and8.53%，respectively. InChangji，the nitrogen utilization rate of NE treatment wassignificantly higher than FPtreatment，increasing by 21.69%. InChangji，the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer NE treatment was significantly higher than that in ST and FPtreatment，increasing by 29.38%and34.60%，32.16%and40.37%，respectively.In Bachu，the utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer NE treatment were significantly higher than those in ST and FPtreatment，increasing by 12.84% and12.02%，16.76% and 24.21%，respectively. InBachu，the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer NE treatment was 4.39% higher than that in FP treatment.InShawan，compared with ST and FPtreatments，the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of NE wasincreased by 1.98 and 2.00kg/kg，phosphorus agricultural efficiency increased by 2.58 and 3.29kg/kg，and potassium agronomic efficiency wasincreased by 1.82 and 3.74kg/kg，respectively. InChangji，the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of NE treatment was4.03 kg/kg higher than that of FPtreatment，and NE treatment washigher than that of ST and FPtreatment，phosphorus agricultural efficiency increased by10.59，11.81kg/kg，and potassium agronomic efficiency was increased by 6.27 and 8.08 kg/kg. Compared with ST and FPtreatments，the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of Bachu NE was increased by 2.43 and 2.51kg/kg，phosphorus agricultural efficiency increased by 3.29 and 4.61kg/kg，and potassium agronomic efficiency of NE was 1.89 kg/kg higher than that of FPtreatment，respectively. The profit and loss rates ofnitrogen，phosphorus and potassium of NE in Shawan was27.10%，46.82% and59.54%，while that in Changji was16.39%，6.25%，18.30% and in Bachu it was61.04%，48.53%and27.81%，respectively. Nutrient expert system-cottonrecommended fertilization balanced the fertilization ratio ofnitrogen，phosphorus and potassiumfertilizer，and effectively improved the nutrientabsorption，fertilizer utilization and economic benefits of cotton while ensuring the yield.