In order to explore the technological parameters of aerobic composting of eggplant vegetable straw in nearbyvegetablefields，the effects of two comminutionsize(2-5 cm by grinding and 1-2 cmbycutting)on the lignocellulosedegradation and ripening quality oftomato，pepper and their mixed straw compost were studied. The results showed that the degradation rate of lignocellulosecomponents in the composting process oftomato，pepper and their mixed straw was in the order of hemicellulose>cellulose>lignin. The big particle size treatment A reduced the initial lignocellulose mass fraction ofcompost，and accelerated the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose in the later stage of composting. The small particle size treatment B increased the compost temperature and promoted the degradation of lignin. Redundancy analysis showed that the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose was the key factor to promote the degradation of total carbon. The initialtotal nitrogen，totalphosphorus，totalpotassium，and humic acid contents of the three kinds of straws in treatment A were significantly higher than those in treatmentB，and the total nutrientcontent(8.03%)and humic acidcontent(12.15%) in treatment A were still significantly higher than those in treatmentB(6.88% and9.44%)at the end of composting. Inproduction，the eggplant vegetable straw with a particle size of 2-5 cm or unit weight of 0.3 g/cm3 could be chosen to compostin vegetable producingareas，which helped to degrade lignocellulose and improve the quality of composting.