In order to study the soil nutrient status and its impact on grape quality in the main production areas of fresh grapes in Yunnan province，12 sampling points were selected to collect soil samples and corresponding grape samples，relevant indicators were measured and analyzed to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization in Yunnan’s fresh grape production areas. By using the Nemerow comprehensive evaluation index method，the overall soil nutrient level of 12 fresh grape producing areas in Yunnan was Level II. The evaluation index of organic matter，total phosphorus，available phosphorus，and available potassium was relatively high，all reaching Level I. The soil nutrient evaluation index of Jianshui area was 1.89，meeting the standard of Level I. The soil nutrient evaluation level of Yuanmou，Mengzi，Kaiyuan，Luliang，Changning，Binchuan，and Mile was Level II，while that of Yongren，Yongde，Huize and Xuanwei was Level III. Among the soil nutrient indicators，organic matter，available phosphorus，available potassium and hydrolytic nitrogen were significantly positively correlated with total acid and titratable acid. Total nitrogen and hydrolytic nitrogen were significantly positively correlated with soluble sugars. There was a highly significant negative correlation between total potassium and single grain weight，particle size length，and particle size width，while total phosphorus was highly significant negative correlation with single grain weight. The principal component evaluation analysis method was used to validate the comprehensive evaluation. The two soil nutrient index evaluation methods were basically consistent in terms of soil comprehensive evaluation(correlation coefficient R=0.97). The correlation between grape quality comprehensive evaluation and soil comprehensive evaluation index was not strong，and grape quality itself did not improve with the improvement of soil nutrients or evaluation indicators. According to the research results，we suggested that the application of organic fertilizer should be strengthened. For the production area with the evaluation grade of I，the fertilizer should be properly controlled to promote balance and prevent excessive loss. For the production area with low soil pH value，the soil acidity and alkalinity should be adjusted. For the production area with the evaluation grade of III，the organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be increased to properly improve the soil fertility. In combination with the fertilization management，the research on the fertilization mode and seed production mode of controlling water and fertilizer，reducing fertilizer and increasing efficiency should be carried out to reduce fertilizer application，maintain the sustainable use of soil.