In order to clarify the impact of returning spring corn straw on soil aggregates and their organic carbon componentsunder low temperature and water scarcity conditions infarmland，and to provide scientific basis for the method of returningspring corn straw to farmland in the northwest cold and arid region ofHebei，three methods of returning straw to farmland wereset up in fieldexperiment，namely，returning straw to farmland through plowing(JF)，returning straw to farmland throughrotary tillage(JX)，and returning straw to farmland through large ridge rotation(JL). Using no straw returning to farmlandas control(CK)，the effects of straw returning methods on the distribution，stability and organic carbon component contentof soil aggregates with different particle sizes were analyzed. The results showed that in 0-20 cm soil layer，all returningmethods significantly increased the proportion of 1.00-2.00 mmaggregates，while JX treatment significantly increasedthe proportion of >5.00 mm aggregates. The average weight diameter(MWD)of soil aggregates under JX treatment was thehighest，and the stability of aggregates was strong. JL and JX treatments significantly increased the proportion of 2.00-5.00mm aggregates，while JL treatment had a higher geometric mean diameter(GMD)of soil aggregates. Each returning methodincreased soil MWD and GMD by 10.32%-15.46% and16.23%-18.35%，respectively，which could increase soil aggregate stability. The organic carbon content of soil aggregates with different particle sizes ranged from 42.88-54.72 g·kg-1. The JLtreatment significantly increased the organic carbon content of aggregates by 2.00-5.00 and 0.50-1.00mm，with an increase greater than the other two returning methods. The active organic carbon content of soil aggregates with different particle sizes under different returning methods ranged from 4.18 to 8.29 g·kg-1，and the active organic carbon content of each aggregate was higher than that of CK. Returning straw to the field increased the black carbon content of aggregates of 1.00-2.00 and0.50-1.0 mm，while JF and JX treatments increased the black carbon content of aggregates of >5.00 and 2.00-5.00 mm.JL treatment increased the carbon content of aggregate humus of >5.00，2.00-5.00，1.00-2.00，and 0.25-0.50 mm. The increase in organic carbon content in 0-20 cm soil layer by various returning methods was higher than that in 20-40 cm soillayer，while the carbon content of aggregate humus in 20-40 cm soil layer treated with CK and JF was higher than that in0-20 cm soil layer. The black carbon contents of aggregates>5.00，2.00-5.00，and 1.00-2.00 mm withCK，JF，and JXtreatments were the highest in 0-20 cm soil layer. Based on comprehensiveanalysis，it was suitable to adopt the method of rotating spring corn in large ridges and returning straw to the field in the cold and arid areas of northwest Hebei.