Yuanzhou district of Yichan city in Jiangxi province has abundant soil selenium resources，but due to the rapidadvancement of urbanization and industrialization，the types and quantities of soil heavy metals have increased，and the existence of the associated relationship between soil selenium and heavy metals makes the selenium-rich soils threatened bycertain heavymetals，which restricts the development and utilization of selenium -rich agricultural products. In thisstudy，the contents of eight heavy metals，namely lead(Pb)，chromium(Cr)，cadmium(Cd)，arsenic(As)，mercury (Hg)，copper(Cu)，zinc(Zn)and nickel(Ni)，were collected and detected in 162 surface soil samples in Yuanzhoudistrict，and the environmental capacity level and spatial distribution of selenium -rich soil in agricultural land in Yuanzhou district were analyzed by estimating the environmental capacity of soil heavy metals and using the environmental capacityindex method and spatial interpolationmethod，and the heavy metal pollution status of selenium -rich soil in agricultural landin Yuanzhou district was analyzed. The results showedthat:(1)The entire agricultural land in Yuanzhou district could bedivided into three kinds ofsoils:selenium -rich，potentially selenium -rich and selenium-sufficient，accounting for74.04%，16.00% and 9.96% of the agricultural land in Yuanzhou district，respectively.(2)The average static annual capacity andaverage dynamic annual capacity ofPb，Cr，As，Hg，Cu，Zn and Ni in 8 years were sorted thesame，in order of Zn>Cr >Pb >Ni >As >Cu>Hg，the average static and dynamic annual capacity of these seven heavy metals decreased with theincrease of the controlperiod，and the average dynamic annual capacity of the seven heavy metals was larger than the averagestatic annual capacity.(3)The seven heavy metals ofPb，Cr，As，Hg，Cu，Zn and Ni in selenium -rich soil in the studyarea were mainly in the medium capacityarea，while Cd was mainly in the overload area. On thewhole，more than 85 % ofthe study area was belonged to low capacityarea，and the overall capacity waslow，and the soil was moderately polluted. Inorder to improve the environmental capacity of soil heavy metals in the studyarea，reduce the degree ofpollution，and ensure the safety of selenium-rich agriculturalproducts，different measures of soil pollution prevention and control and restoration could be taken for different capacity areas.