The study was to establish a method for the extraction and determination of water-soluble Cl-，NO3，and SO 42-insaline alkali soil by ion chromatography(IC). Two soil samples from saline alkali soil in Xinjiang and Ningxia were selected. The orthogonal test was conducted to optimize the extraction process of soil water-soluble anions. The ratio of water-extract solution and soil showed a significant impact on the determination results of water-soluble ions. The extraction procedure wasset as:the water and soil ratio was 5 ∶1，the oscillation time was 3 minutes，and the extraction solution was centrifuged-prior to passing 0.45 μm filtermembrane，the concentrations of water -soluble Cl-，NO3 and SO42-ions in the water-extract solution were simultaneously determined by IC. The results showed that the concentration range of standard working curvesfor determining the ions by IC was 0.2-20 mg/L. According to the results of measurements of blankdata，the detection limits were 0.18 mg/kg for Cl -，0.12 mg/kg for NO 3-and 0.38 mg/kg for SO42-，respectively. The relative standard deviation of measured values of each soil sample with 6 replicates was less than 5%. The recovery rate was in ranges of 90.6%-104% when adding the standard ion solution to the soil extracts. The results by IC for determining Cl -，NO^3-and SO42-ions in the water-extract of saline alkali soil sampled form 11 different sites had good correlation with the measure values by other method. It-was suggested that water-soluble Cl-，NO3 and SO42-ions were extracted from saline alkali soils could be simultaneously determined by IC with high accuracy and precision.