In order to investigate the effects of the cultivation of rice-stropharia grandis and its strain dosage and base material formula onsoil nutrients and soil microbial biomassC，N andP(MBC，MBN，MBP)，a 2 -year field plot experiment was carried out and 5 treatments were setup，including controltreatment(CK)and four experimentaltreatments:T1(3000 kg·hm-2 strain + 100% rice strawbasematerial)，T2(3000 kg·hm -2 strain + 75% rice straw with 25% corncob basematerial)，T3(4500 kg·hm -2 strain + 100% rice strawbase material)andT4(4500 kg·hm -2 strain + 75% rice straw with 25% corncob basematerial). The results showed that the content of soil nutrients and soil microbial biomassC，N and P in the cultivated layer of rice-stropharia grandis for two consecutive years increasedsignificantly year by year，and was affected by the strain dosage and base material formula. In the secondyear，compared with the CKtreatment，the soil organicmatter，alkalinenitrogen，available phosphorus，available potassium，total nitrogen and total phosphorus of each experimental treatment increased significantly by32.92%-42.44%，52.96%-77.35%，53.99%-75.09%，88.00%- 184.62%，19.12%-38.24%，9.82%-29.46%(P<0.05)，respectively，soil MBC and MBN content increased significantlyby84.18%-129.28%，166.60%-260.01%( P<0.05)，respectively. During the 2years，the ratio of MBC∶MBN decreasedsignificantly，while the ratio of MBC∶MBP and MBN∶MBP increased in each experimentaltreatment，compared with CK treatment.Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that total nitrogen explained 31.1% and 36.3% of soil microbial biomass changes in2021(F=5.9，P=0.004)and2022(F=7.4，P=0.002)，respectively，which were the most importantinfluencing factors of soilMBC，MBN，MBP and its stoichiometric ratio. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of soil MBC and MBN were significantly positively correlated with the contentsof organicmatter，totalnitrogen，totalphosphorus， alkalinenitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium. The cultivation of rice-stropharia grandis not only significantly increased soilnutrients，but also increased soilMBC，MBN，MBPcontents，T2(3000 kg·hm -2 strain +75% rice straw with 25% corncob basematerial)was the best cultivation method. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the subsequent popularization of rice-stropharia grandis rotation model.