In order to understand the dynamic changes of soil microbial community during the whole disease process of tobacco bacterial wilt in cultivation areasof tobacco of ShandongProvince，this study systematically analyzed the tobacco rhizospheremicrobial community in YishuiCounty，Shandong Province by high -throughput sequencing. Amplicon sequencing analysisshowedthat，compared with beforetransplanting，the microbial diversity of rhizosphere soil significantly decreased when tobacco bacterial wilt wasinitiallymanifested，but there was a trend of recovery in the subsequent rhizosphere soil microbial diversity with the development of the disease. The microbial composition in tobacco rhizosphere before transplanting and early onset of tobacco bacterial wilt werecompared，and the rule between the dynamic process of the whole disease occurrence and the change of rhizosphere bacterial community was explored. Via a constructed correlationnetwork，Granulicella， Achromobacter，Gemmatimonas，Humibacter，Flexivirga and Conexibacter were detected to have potential effect on the occurrenceof bacterial wilt. Insummary，the difference of rhizosphere bacteria composition in a time-dimensional process of tobacco onset wasanalyzed，and the potential bacteria genera with disease control and warning potentials werefound，which laid a foundation for the early warning and control of soil-borne tobacco diseases in Shandong.