Biochar as a soil amendment could effectively improve soil pollution problems. Exploring the impacts of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer combination on soil bacterial community were important for the scientific fertilization. Previous studies have found that the combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer can alter soil physicochemicalproperties，but there is little research on its impact on soil microorganisms. To investigate the effect of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer combination on soil bacterialcommunity，a pot experiment was conducted on rice and the results showed that the diversity of bacterial communities decreased with the application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer. In theimprovedsoil，Proteobateria，Acidobaceria，Gemmatimonadetes，and Actinobacia were the most prevalent phyla of bacteria. The use of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer enhanced the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria while decreased the relativeabundances of Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes. Inaddition，redundancy analysis showed that soil pHvalue，nitratenitrogen，total phosphorus and total nitrogen were the main driving factors that affected the species richness of soil microbial community markers. The combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer could alter the metabolic process of the soil bacterial community and soil nutrientcontent，which was related to soil bacterial community marker species. This study provided scientific basis for exploring the best carbon nitrogen model suitable for the regulation of soil microenvironment in the black soil area of Northeast China.