福建龙岩烟区烤烟施肥关键参数研究
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(1.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081;2.福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司,福建龙岩364000;3.云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201)

作者简介:

荆晓雯(1997-),在读硕士研究生,研究方向为作物 | | 养分管理,E-mail:jingxiaowen2021@163.com。

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Study on key parameters of fertilizer application for flue-cured tobacco in Longyan
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(1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and RegionalPlanning,Chinese Academy ofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081;2.Longyan Branch of Fujian Provincial TobaccoCompany,Longyan Fujian364000;3.College of TobaccoScience,Yunnan AgriculturalUniversity,Kunming Yunnan650201)

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    摘要:

    为了研究福建省龙岩市烟区不同肥料用量下烤烟的肥料效应,确定适宜的肥料施用量,在福建省龙岩市,以当地主栽品种云烟 87为材料,开展了氮肥 6水平、磷钾肥 2水平的肥料田间试验。研究了氮、磷、钾肥料配合施用对烤烟养分吸收量、相对产量及限制产量的养分因素、经济性状及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:在烤烟生育期内,氮、磷、钾的养分积累量表现为钾 >氮 >磷,养分积累主要集中在旺长期。缺素会使龙岩烟区烤烟产量和经济性状降低,缺氮、缺磷、缺钾对烤烟产量和经济性状的影响大小表现为缺氮 >缺磷 >缺钾。不同施氮处理农学利用率 11.28 kg/kg、偏生产力 15.21 kg/kg。用肥料效应方程对施氮量和烟叶产量进行拟合,方程为 y= 511.488+1.3614x+0.116x2-0.0004x3(R2=0.9812)。综合烟叶产量、肥料利用率和经济效益,龙岩地区推荐施氮量为 135.0~ 177.2 kg/hm2

    Abstract:

    In order to study the fertilizer effect of flue-cured tobacco under different fertilizer dosage and determine the appropriate fertilizerapplication dosage,a field experiment wascarried out in Longyancity,Fujianprovince,using Yunyan87,the local maincultivar,as the material. The effects of combined applicationof nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)andpotassium(K)fertilizers on nutrientuptake,relativeyield,nutrient factorslimiting yield,economic characteristics and fertilizer utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that the nutrient accumulationofN,P and K was K > N > P during the growth period of flue-curedtobacco,and the nutrient accumulation mainly concentrated in the flourishing period. The yield and economic properties of flue-cured tobacco in Longyan tobacconic area were reduced by lack of nutrients.The effects of lack ofnitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on yield and economic properties of flue-cured tobacco were asfollows:lack of nitrogen>lack of phosphorus>lack of potassium. In different nitrogen applicationtreatments,N3treatment(N:135 kg/hm2,P2O5:105 kg/hm2,K2O:375 kg/hm2)had the best indicators. The yield was 2053.17 kg/hm2, the proportion of high-grade tobacco was79.64%,the proportion of medium-grade tobacco was95.64%,the output value was 61850.36 Yuan/hm2,the average price was30.12Yuan/kg,the nitrogen utilization rate was31.27%,the agronomic utilization rate was11.28 kg/kg,and the partial productivity was 15.21 kg/kg. Nitrogen application and tobacco yield were fitted with the fertilizer effectequation,which was y=511.488+1.3614x+0.116x2-0.0004x3(R2=0.9812). Consideringtobaccoyield,fertilizer utilization rateand economicbenefit,the recommended nitrogen application rate in Longyan area is 135.0-177.2 kg/hm2.

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荆晓雯,曾文龙,蒋鸿月,钟小丽,边立丽,李志宏,兰其骏,张云贵,吴树松,蒋代兵,郭学清,刘青丽.福建龙岩烟区烤烟施肥关键参数研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2024,(7):123-128.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-21
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  • 录用日期:2023-12-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-09-30
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