To explore the effects of biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent on farmland soil water and temperatureenvironment，soil nutrient absorption andcropyield，field experiment was conducted in Yanchicounty，Wuzhongcity，Ningxia Hui AutonomousRegion.Corn，potatoes，oats and other crops were selected as the testcrop，and biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent were used as the testmaterial. Different gradients of biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent application rates were setup.Soil moisturecontent，pH，conductivity，bulk density and soil nutrients weremeasured，and their effects on soil physicochemicalproperties，soil nutrients and different crop yields in the experimental area werestudied.The results showed that under differentapplicationrates，the overall yield of the crops wereincreased.The highest yield increase rates of Sudan grass and oat grass were36.26% and24.35%，respectively.The yield increase rate of buckwheat reached 23.19% when the application amount of biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent was 120 kg/hm²，while the yield increase rate of potato reached the highest of 77.78% when the application amount of biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent was 120 kg/hm²，indicating a significant increase inyield.But the trend of corn yield changes wasdifferent.When the application amount of biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent was 60 kg/hm²，the yield actually wasdecreased. When the application amount increased to 120 kg/hm²，the yield wasincreased，but the yield increase rate wasonly0.69%.This was mainly due tothe differences in thelocation，terrain，and soilcomponents of theplot，which resulted in little effect of the application amount of biomass slow-release soil water retaining and fertilizer increasing agent on corn yield.