Soil organic carbon and soil aggregates are important indexes for evaluatingsoilquality，and they interact with each other. Soil organic carbon promotes the formation of soilaggregates，and soil aggregates protect and sequester soilorganic carbon. In thispaper，the relevant studies on soil organic carbon and soil aggregates in recent years werereviewed， the significance and influencing factors of soil organic carbon and soil aggregates on soil quality were sortedout，and the interaction mechanism between soil organic carbon and soil aggregates wasexpounded. Reasonablefertilization，tillage and other farmland management measures could regulate soilmicroorganisms，change the decomposition of soil organic matter and the rate of organic carbon sequestration and decomposition. It also could affect the structure and stability of soil aggregates. Soil organic carbon promoted the formation of soil aggregates through soil organic and inorganiccementation，plant roots and mycelia and organic matter filling. On thecontrary，soil aggregates could reduce soil organic carbon mineralization bywrapping soil organiccarbon，so as toachieve physical protection of soil organic carbon. Insummary，the research focus of increasing soil organic carbon content and enhancing soil aggregate stability in the future wasdiscussed，in order to provide a reference for improving soil quality.