In order to explore the changes of bacterial and fungal community structure in greenhouse strawberry soil with different continuous cropping years and their relations with soil environmental factors，the soil samples of greenhouse strawberry planted in the first year(S1)，continuous cropping for 5 years(S5)and continuous cropping for 8 years(S8)were sequenced and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing，and the physical and chemical properties of soil and soil enzyme activities were determined. The results showed that with the increase of continuous cropping years of strawberry in greenhouse，soil pH and electrical conductivity increased significantly，nitrate nitrogen content decreased significantly，available phosphorus and available potassium content decreased significantly first and then increased significantly，and alkaline phosphatase and urease activity increased significantly and then decreased significantly. With the increasing of continuous cropping years of strawberry in greenhouse，the ACE index，Chao1 index，Simpson index and Shannon index of soil bacteria increased significantly，while the Alpha diversity index of soil fungi did not change significantly. The composition of soil microbial dominant species changed. With the increase of continuous cropping years，the relative abundance of bacterial Proteobacteria，Acidobacteria，Nitrospirae and Latescibacteria in greenhouse strawberry soil increased significantly，while the relative abundance of Firmicutes，Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased significantly. At the genus level，the relative abundance of Nitrospira in strawberry soil increased significantly，the relative abundance of RB41 and Bacillus decreased significantly，and the relative abundance of Sphingomonas increased significantly first and then decreased significantly. At the phylum level，there was no significant change in the dominant fungi of strawberry continuous cropping soil in the greenhouse. At the genus level，the dominant fungi with the highest proportion of soil fungi changed from Botryotrichum to Fusarium. The relative abundance of Fusarium，Aspergillus and Cladosporium in strawberry soil increased significantly，and the relative abundance of Uwebraunia and Alternaria increased as a whole. Correlation analysis showed that soil pH，electrical conductivity，organic matter，nitrate nitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium were the main factors affecting the microbial community in soil，and the change of microbial community structure had a great influence on the activity of alkaline phosphatase.