Phosphorus(P)adsorption and desorption in soil is an important internal cycle to solve soil fertility prob-lems.In order to understand the adsorption-desorption process and mechanism of P in cinnamon soil，fluvo-aquic soil and yellow cultivated loessial soil which are the three major types of cultivated soils in Shanxi Province，exogenous P adsorption culture method was used to study the adsorption-desorption process of P in 0-60 cm layers of the three soil types，and the Langmuir isotherm adsorption equation was used to fit the P adsorption kinetics curve，which was used to explore the characteristics of soil P adsorption and desorption. The results showed that the amount of P adsorbed and de-sorbed in the soil increased with the increase of exogenous P concentration，and the amount of P adsorbed in the soil also increased with the increase of soil depth，but the amount of P desorbed was adverse in all three soil types. The adsorp-tion process of P could be described by Langmuir isotherm adsorption equation well. The maximum adsorption capaci-ty(Qm)was 793.65 mg/kg in 40-60 cm layer of cinnamon soil. The maximum buffering capacity (MBC)of 0-20 cm layer of fluvo-aquic soil was 16.31 mg/kg，and the maximum adsorption coefficient(K)was 0.494 in 40-60 cm lay-er of yellow cultivated loessial soil. The amount of desorption P was cinnamon soil>fluvo-aquic soil>yellow cultivated loessial soil in the same soil layer. Otherwise，the P requirement was 7.10，3.22 and 5.65 mg/kg in cinnamon soil，fluvo-aquic soil and yellow cultivated loessial soil，respectively. Above all，the P adsorption of cinnamon soil was larger and the more easily desorbed than that of fluvo-aquic soil and yellow cultivated loessial soil. Although P adsorption capacity of fluvo-aquic soil was weak，its P supply capacity was strong. The P adsorbed in yellow cultivated loessial soil was more difficult to be desorbed than the other two kinds of soil. In the process of crop planting，the application scheme of P fertilizer should be considered reasonably according to the characteristics of P adsorption and desorption in local soil.