微生物菌剂和玉米蛋白酵素对番茄养分利用率及果实品质的影响
作者:
作者单位:

(1.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东 泰安 271018;2.农业农村部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,山东 泰安 271018;3.山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,山东 泰安 271018;4.宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021;5.山东农业大学生命科学学院,山东 泰安 271018;6.真核生物科技(山东)有限公司,山东 泰安 271000)

作者简介:

刘希港(1998-),硕士研究生,主要从事设施蔬菜与无土栽培研究。E-mail:1533771983@qq.com。

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基金项目:宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2023BCF01042);“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD1001904);山东省蔬菜产业技术体系建设专项(SDAIT-05-10);2020 年度山东省重点扶持区域引进急需紧缺人才项目(鲁发改动能办〔2020〕1285 号);2022 年中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(YDZX2022136)。


Effects of microbial agents and corn protein ferment on nutrient utilization rate and fruit quality of tomato
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(1.College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong 271018;2.Huanghuai Region Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tai’an Shandong 271018;3.Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable,Tai’an Shandong 271018;4.College of Wine and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Ningxia Yinchuan 750021;5.College of Life Sciences,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong 271018;6.Eukaryotic Biotechnology(Shandong)Co.,Ltd.,Tai’an Shandong 271000)

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    摘要:

    为解决长季节栽培番茄生长过程中养分供应不平衡、肥料利用率低等问题,提高番茄对土壤养分的吸收利用,以‘圣罗兰3689’番茄为试材,研究了微生物菌剂和玉米蛋白酵素在长季节栽培番茄中的应用效果。采用土壤栽培方式,共设4个处理:正常管理为对照(CK),CK+微生物菌剂(T1)、CK+玉米蛋白酵素(T2)及CK+两者配施(T3),研究了各处理对土壤理化性质、植株干物质重量、养分含量及积累量、养分利用效率和果实品质的影响。结果表明,在CK基础上,单施微生物菌剂或玉米蛋白酵素均可促进植株生长和养分利用,但各指标均以两者复配(T3处理)效果较好。与CK相比,T3处理下土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别增加24.9%、37.3%和22.2%,植株干重增加8.4%,植株氮、磷、钾含量和积累量分别增加15.3%、6.1%、9.7%和19.0%、15.7%、18.9%,氮肥、磷肥和钾肥利用效率分别增加64.9%、47.3%和33.6%。果实品质以T3处理下第九穗果较好,其中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C和番茄红素含量分别比CK高出6.9%、13.1%、12.2%和16.0%。综上所述,微生物菌剂和玉米蛋白酵素复配可提高长季节栽培番茄土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,促进植株对养分的吸收,提高养分利用效率,增加植株干重,改善果实品质。因此,微生物菌剂和玉米蛋白酵素配施可以在番茄生产中推广使用。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of unbalanced nutrient supply and low fertilizer utilization in the growth process during long-season cultivation and improve the absorption and utilization of soil nutrients of tomato,the application effects of microbial agents and corn protein ferment under long-season cultivation were studied using tomato cultivar ‘Saint Laurent 3689’ as the test material.A total of four treatments were set up:normal management(CK),CK+microbial agent(T1),CK+corn protein ferment(T2)and CK+combined application of microbial agent and corn protein ferment(T3).The soil physicochemical properties,plant dry matter weight,nutrient content and accumulation,nutrient utilization efficiency,and fruit quality were measured for each treatment.The results showed that on the basis of CK,single application of microbial agent or corn protein ferment could promote plant growth and nutrient utilization,and the combination effect of them(T3 treatment)was better.Compared with CK,the soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium content increased by 24.9%,37.3%,and 22.2%,respectively.The dry weight of the plant increased by 8.4%,and the content and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in the plant increased by 15.3%,6.1%,9.7% and 19.0%,15.7%,18.9%,respectively.The utilization efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer increased by 64.9%,47.3% and 33.6%,respectively.The fruit quality of the ninth cluster was the best under T3 treatment,the contents of soluble solids,soluble sugars,vitamin C,and lycopene increased by 6.9%,13.1%,12.2% and 16.0%,respectively.In conclusion,the combination of microbial agents and corn protein ferment could increase the soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium content of long-season tomato cultivation,promote nutrient absorption by plants,improve nutrient utilization efficiency,increase plant dry weight,and improve fruit quality.Therefore,the combination of microbial agents and corn protein ferment can be applied in tomato production.

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刘希港,李楠,李静,叶林,周波,魏珉,季托,杨凤娟.微生物菌剂和玉米蛋白酵素对番茄养分利用率及果实品质的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2024,(9):150-158.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-14
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  • 录用日期:2024-01-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-22
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