In order to elucidate the effects of irrigation modes under straw returning to field on rice yield formation，water and nitrogen utilization and soil nitrogen residue in black soil，a total of four treatments，namely conventional flooding irrigation(FI)，conventional flooding irrigation + straw returning to field(FI+SR)，shallow wet irrigation + straw returning to field(SI+SR)and controlled irrigation + straw returning to field(CI+SR)，were set up to study the effects of irrigation modes under straw returning to field on rice agronomic traits，yield，water and nitrogen use efficiency，soil NH4+-N and NO^3--N residues. The results showed that the leaf area of rice reached its peak at heading period，and leaf area index of the CI+SR treatment was 6.97% higher than that of the FI treatment from heading to maturity. Compared with FI treatment，FI+SR and SI+SR treatment inhibited rice dry matter accumulation，and the CI+SR treatment promoted dry matter accumulation in the middle and late stages of rice. The average rapid increase period of the dry matter accumulation rate of rice in the different treatments was 33.49 days，and the CI+SR treatment had the shortest period of rapid increase in dry matter accumulation rate at 28.39 days. The maximum increase rate of rice dry matter was 27.19%，35.37% and 30.08% lower in the FI，FI+SR and SI+SR treatments，respectively，than that in the CI+SR treatment. Compared to the FI treatment，FI+SR and SI+SR treatments reduced rice yield by 9.92% and 4.59%，respectively. The CI+SR treatment increased rice yield by 6.55% by increasing effective spikes per unit area and number of grains in a spike，and significantly increased water and nitrogen use efficiency(P<0.05). The NH4+-N content of the straw return treatment was 33.44% higher than that of the FI treatment. In the 20-40 and 40-60 cm soil layers，the NO^3--N content in the FI+SR，SI+SR and CI+SR treatments was decreased on average by 6.37%，16.16% and 18.43%，respectively，compared to the FI treatment. In summary，controlled irrigation with straw returning to field can be used as an optimal combination of water saving，fertilizer saving，emission reduction and yield.