To further apply manure properly and ensure the quality of the Mollisol in Northeast China as well as national food security，this research conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively investigate the effects of manure application on the soil organic carbon(SOC)content of the plow layer(0-20 cm)and maize yield in Northeast China. The impacts of different management measures，climatic conditions，and the initial physicochemical properties of the soil on the effect of manure on improving SOC and maize yield were revealed. Compared with no fertilization，the application of the SOC content was significantly increased by 30.4%-42.7% and maize yield was significantly increased by 41.9%-50.5% when the amount of chemical fertilizer remained unchanged and additional manure was added. The application of manure for 10-20 years significantly increased the SOC content by 43.7%，and application of manure for≥20 years significantly increased maize yield by 90.6%. Compared with chemical fertilization alone，the combined application of cattle manure and chemical fertilizers significantly increased the SOC content by 61.2%；replacing 50%-80% of chemical fertilizers with manure(under the condition of unchanged total nutrient application)significantly increased the SOC content by 57.7%. The change of total nutrient application of manure with chemical fertilizer significantly affected maize yield，compared with no fertilization，the yield of maize was significantly increased when the total application amount of potassium(K2O)was ≤300 kg/hm²，total application amount of phosphorus(P2O5)was ≤200 kg/hm²，and total application amount of nitrogen(N)was 100-300 or ≥400 kg/hm². The change in climatic conditions also affected the effect of manure，with an annual average temperature of 2-5℃ and annual average rainfall of 400-500 mm，the application of manure had a better effect on increasing the SOC content；with an annual average temperature of 5-8℃ and annual average rainfall of 500-600 mm，the application of manure had a better effect on increasing maize yield. In addition，when the initial nutrient content of the soil was low，that was beneficial to the increase of SOC；When the initial SOC ≤15 g/kg，total nitrogen ≤0.5 g/kg，available nitrogen ≤100 mg/kg，available phosphorus ≤20 mg/kg，and available potassium 100-200 mg/kg，the application of manure significantly increased the SOC content by 25.9%-84.4%. In conclusion，the application of manure was important to improve the SOC content and maize yield in Northeast China. Manure application measures need to be considered in combination with different meteorological conditions and soil properties，the long-term application of manure with chemical fertilizers in farmland with low initial soil nutrients is a feasible way to increase SOC and yield.