The nutrient absorption patterns of Astragalus under reduced nitrogen application conditions with integrated water and fertilizer were investigated，in order to assess fertilizer utilization efficiency and yield improvement effects. Five treatment groups were established in Horqin sandy land，including a control(CK)，conventional fertilization with sprinkler irrigation (CS)，integrated water and fertilizer group with conventional nitrogen amoun(CW)，integrated water and fertilizer with a 30% reduction in nitrogen(JW30%) and integrated water and fertilizer with a 50% reduction in nitrogen(JW50%). The nutrient uptake pattern，growth characteristics，yield variation，fertilizer utilization efficiency，and economic benefits of Astragalus were analyzed. The results indicated that:(1)The nitrogen reduction technology of integrated water and fertilizer significantly improved the yield and fertilizer utilization rate of Astragalus in Mongolia. Among them，the effect of JW30% was more obvious，and the yield increased by 5.48% compared with CS. Glucoside and methyl glycoside increased by 18.99% and 7.18%，respectively. (2)Under different fertilization strategies，nitrogen uptake and fertilizer utilization rate of JW30% treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05). Nitrogen absorption of JW30% treatment was 227.26 kg·hm-2，followed by JW50% treatment，which was 207.62 kg·hm-2. Compared to conventional fertilization(CS and CW)treatments，the nitrogen absorption and utilization rate of JW30% treatment increased significantly by 26% and 24%，respectively，phosphorus fertilizer absorption and utilization rate increased by 9% and 1%，utilization of potash increased by 8% and 7%，respectively. (3)The combination of a 30% reduction in nitrogen and water and fertilizer integration technology resulted in the highest economic benefit for Astragalus. Compared to CS，the net benefit increased by 2793 to 4323 yuan·hm-2. Integrated water and fertilizer technology not only reduced the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application but also effectively enhanced both the fertilizer utilization rate and economic efficiency of Astragalus production in Mongolia. The optimal nitrogen application rate was found to be 319 kg·hm-2，resulting in a yield of up to 9810 kg·hm-2. The experiment provided a theoretical basis and technical reference for the efficient cultivation techniques of Astragalus in Horqin Sandy Land.