硫酸铵增效措施对玉米产量及氮素吸收利用的影响
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(1.临汾市科技信息和情报研究所,山西 临汾 041000;2.临汾市气象局,山西 临汾 041000;3.山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西 晋中 030801)

作者简介:

郝小红(1971-),副研究员,本科,主要从事作物信息化管理技术研究。E-mail:505297076@qq.com。

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基金项目:山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221003-2)。


Effects of ammonium sulfate synergistic measures on yield,nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize
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(1.Institute of Information Science and Technology of Linfen,Linfen Shanxi 041000;2.Meteorological Bureau of Linfen,Linfen Shanxi 041000;3.College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong Shanxi 030801)

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    摘要:

    为探究工业副产硫酸铵高效资源化利用途径,设置利用不同增效剂和工业副产硫酸铵制备成的3种增效硫酸铵肥料处理(ASN,硝化抑制剂+硫酸铵;ASG,油脂包膜+硫酸铵;ASH,腐植酸+硫酸铵),分别以单施尿素(U)和单施硫酸铵(AS)为对照,通过大田试验研究了不同施肥措施下土壤氮素特性、玉米生长发育和氮肥利用率。结果表明:与U处理比,AS处理可使玉米产量增加22.63%,氮肥吸收利用率提高30.92%。3种增效硫酸铵肥料可以增强硫酸铵肥料的肥效,进一步促进玉米植株生长,ASN、ASG、ASH处理分别使玉米产量增加11.07%、25.26%、58.92%,氮肥吸收利用率分别提高6.17、18.27、27.57个百分点,氮肥农学效率分别提高5.10、9.57、20.16 kg/kg。可见,与普通尿素肥料相比,普通硫酸铵肥料促进玉米生长,增加玉米产量,提高氮肥利用率。3种增效硫酸铵肥料可以进一步提高硫酸铵肥料的增产增效作用。其中,腐植酸+硫酸铵的施用效果最好,这为工业副产硫酸铵在农业上应用提供了理论参考。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the efficient utilization measures of industrial by-product ammonium sulfate,the effects of three kinds of synergistic ammonium sulfate fertilizers(ASN,nitrification inhibitor + ammonium sulfate; ASG,lipid coating + ammonium sulfate; ASH,humic acid + ammonium sulfate)on the soil nitrogen characteristics,maize growth and development,nitrogen use efficiency were studied,with urea(U)and ammonium sulfate(AS) as the controls. The results showed that,compared with U,AS treatments increased maize yield by 22.63% and nitrogen absorption and utilization rate by 30.92%. Three kinds of enhanced ammonium sulfate fertilizers enhanced the fertilizer efficiency and further promoted maize growth. Maize yield increased by 11.07%,25.26% and 58.92% under ASN,ASG and ASH treatments,respectively,and the nitrogen absorption and utilization rate increased by 6.17,18.27 and 27.57 percentage points,respectively. Nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency increased by 5.10,9.57 and 20.16 kg/kg,respectively. Compared with urea fertilizer,ammonium sulfate fertilizer promoted maize growth and yield and improved the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer. Three kinds of enhanced ammonium sulfate fertilizers could further improve maize production and fertilizer efficiency of ammonium sulfate. Among them,humic acid + ammonium sulfate showed perfect effects,which provided a theoretical reference for the application of industrial by-product ammonium sulfate in agriculture.

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郝小红,张斌,刘越,闫双堆.硫酸铵增效措施对玉米产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2024,(10):209-215.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-29
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  • 录用日期:2024-01-13
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-26
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