An analytical method for determining 14 phenolic acid substances in soils was established.The samples were extracted with 1.0 mol/L sodium hydroxide(NaOH)solution assisted by ultrasonication，acidified with hydrochloric acid，precipitated with humic acid，enriched by extraction with ethyl acetate，and qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed by multiple reaction monitoring mode under electrospray ionization negative ion mode.The results showed that the 14 phenolic acid components in soils had a good linear relationship(R>0.995)in the range of 5.0-5000 μg/L，the detection limits were 0.3-12.5 μg/kg，and the quantification limits were 1.0-39.2 μg/kg.In high and low concentration matrix spiking tests，the spiking recoveries of the 14 phenolic acids were 78.6%-97.3% and 65.8%-89.7%，respectively，with relative standard deviations of 1.2%-4.3% and 3.1%-9.6%，respectively.The pretreatment method is simple and fast，with high sensitivity，good reproducibility，and is suitable for the detection of phenolic acid components in a large number of soil samples，providing technical support for studying allobiosis disorders caused by phenolic acid compounds in soils.