木质素对烤烟农艺性状和土壤微生物群落的影响
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(1.北京农学院,北京 102200;2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081;3.上海烟草集团有限责任公司,上海 200082;4.福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司,福建 龙岩 364000;5.福建省烟草公司三明市公司,福建 三明 365000)

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Effects of lignin on agronomic traits and soil microbial communities of flue-cured tobacco
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(1.Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102200;2.Institute of Agricultural Resourses and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agnicaltural Sciences,Beijing 100081;3.Shanghai Tobacco Group Co.,LTD.,Shanghai 200082;4.Fujian Tobacco Company Longyan Branch,Longyan Fujian 364000;5.Fujian Tobacco Company Sanming Branch,Sanming Fujian 365000)

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    摘要:

    研究木质素对烤烟生长和土壤微生物的影响,为木质素的资源化利用提供参考。采用烤烟盆栽试验,添加土壤重量2‰和5‰的木质素作为处理组(L2和L3),并以不添加木质素作为对照处理(L1),在测定烤烟农艺性状和土壤pH的基础上,结合高通量测序和共现网络分析的方法,研究木质素对烤烟生长和土壤微生物的影响,并使用FAPROTAX数据库和FUNGuild进行细菌和真菌功能组进行分析。结果显示:与L1处理相比,L2和L3处理烤烟的株高分别增加了10.1%和15.6%,上部烟叶长分别增加了6.9%和12.2%;成熟前期L2和L3处理土壤的pH显著降低了0.38。Alpha多样性分析和PCoA分析表明,木质素添加对土壤微生物多样性指数(Shannon index)、丰富度指数(Chao1 index)和β多样性均无显著影响。门水平上微生物群落组成分析表明,木质素的加入显著减少了成熟前期拟杆菌门、芽单胞菌门和硝化螺旋菌门及上部烟叶成熟期酸杆菌门的相对丰度;真菌中明显增加了成熟前期和上部烟叶成熟期子囊菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度,减少了被孢霉门的相对丰度。微生物共现网络分析结果表明,木质素使土壤微生物共现网络的复杂性降低,并增加了细菌共现网络的稳定性、削弱了真菌群落之间的合作关系,同时木质素的添加使放线菌成为细菌共现网络的主导菌群之一。功能预测结果表明,木质素的添加均显著增加了硝酸盐呼吸作用和氮呼吸作用的相关基因丰度;显著降低了动物病原-内生-附生-真菌病菌-植物病原-木腐菌的基因相对丰度。相关性分析结果表明,Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis,Gemmatimonas和Minutisphaera分别在不同时期与烤烟株高和上部叶叶长均存在正相关关系。总体上,木质素的添加改变了植烟土壤中微生物群落结构组成,其中Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis,Gemmatimonas和Minutisphaera对烤烟株高和上部烟叶叶长的提高可能具有重要作用。

    Abstract:

    The effects of lignin on the growth of flue-cured tobacco and soil microorganisms were studied to provide reference for the utilization of lignin as resources.The effects of lignin on flue-cured tobacco growth and soil microorganisms were studied in a pot experiment in which lignin with 2‰ and 5‰ of soil weight was added as the treatment groups(L2 and L3)and no lignin was added as the control group(L1).Based on the determination of flue-cured tobacco agronomic traits and soil pH,the effects of lignin on flue-cured tobacco growth and soil microorganisms were studied by high-throughput sequencing and co-occurrence network analysis.Functional groups of bacteria and fungi were analyzed using the FAPROTAX database and FUNGuild.The results showed that compared with the control treatment,the plant height of L2 and L3 treated tobacco increased by 10.1% and 15.6%,and the upper leaf length increased by 6.9% and 12.2%,respectively.The pH of soil treated with L2 and L3 decreased by 0.38 units in the early stage of maturation.Alpha diversity analysis and PCoA analysis showed that lignin addition had no significant effects on soil microbial diversity index(Shannon index),richness index(Chao1 index)and β diversity.The analysis of microbial community composition at gate level showed that the addition of lignin significantly reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroides,blastomonas and Nitrocellulosis in early maturity and Acidobacteria in upper tobacco leaf maturity.The relative abundances of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes were significantly increased in the early and upper mature stages of tobacco leaves,while the relative abundances of mortierella were decreased.The results of microbial co-occurrence network analysis showed that lignin reduced the complexity of soil microbial co-occurrence network,increased the stability of bacterial co-occurrence network,and weakened the cooperative relationship between fungal communities.At the same time,the addition of lignin made actinomyces become one of the dominant bacterial groups in the bacterial co-occurrence network.The functional prediction results showed that the addition of lignin significantly increased the abundance of genes related to nitrate respiration and nitrogen respiration.The relative gene abundance of Animal Pathogen-Endophyte-Epiphyte-Fungal Parasite-Plant Pathogen-Wood Saprotroph was significantly reduced.Correlation analysis showed that Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis,Gemmatimonas and Minutisphaera were positively correlated with plant height and upper leaf length at different periods,respectively.In general,the addition of lignin changed the microbial community composition in tobacco-growing soil.Among them,Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis,Gemmatimonas and Minutisphaera may play an important role in increasing the plant height and upper leaf length of flue-cured tobacco.

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冯华奇,宋阿琳,沈晗,汤朝起,弯润其,王恩召,毕晶晶,孙苗苗,魏步青,曾文龙,林智慧,黄富嵩,林水良,薛飞燕,范分良.木质素对烤烟农艺性状和土壤微生物群落的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(1):151-162.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-21
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