This study aimed to clarify the effects of continuous cropping soil high temperature treatment and Glomus mosseae on the growth and nutrient absorption of cucumber seedlings. Soil sampled from continuous cropping cucumber was treated with 50 and 55℃，and then cucumber seedlings were cultivated on high temperature treated and untreated soil. A pot experiment was conducted，Glomus mosseae was inoculated during seedling cultivation，and corresponding non-inoculation controls were set up. 6 treatments were designed. The results showed that after the continuous cropping soil was treated with high temperatures，the soil quality improved significantly，the alkaline nitrogen and organic matter contents of soil treated with high temperatures were higher than those of untreated soil. The alkaline nitrogen，available phosphorus and organic matter contents of soil treated with 55℃ were 1.09，1.63 and 1.05 times of those of unsterilized treatment，respectively. Meanwhile，the number of soil bacteria was significantly increased，while the number of fungi was significantly reduced by high temperature treatments. Regardless of sterilization，inoculation with Glomus mosseae promoted the growth of cucumber seedlings，and high temperature treatment and Glomus mosseae had a synergistic effect. The leaf area，shoots dry weight and seedling quality index of mycorrhizal seedlings grown on soil treated with 55℃ were increased by 46.23%，44.49% and 97.16%，respectively，compared to the corresponding non-mycorrhizal treatment. The calcium，magnesium and iron content in shoots were 1.04，1.04 and 1.41 times of those in the untreated soil inoculated with Glomus mosseae，respectively，and the corresponding mycorrhizal contribution rates were as high as 34.1%，32.71% and 55.76%，respectively. However，the nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium content in shoots were decreased due to the dilution effect of growth. In addition，compared with untreated soil，the number of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of seedlings inoculated with Glomus mosseae on soil treated with 55℃ was 1.11 times higher，while the number of fungi was at the lowest level，comparable to that of the untreated soil inoculated with Glomus mosseae. After treated with 55℃，inoculating Glomus mosseae in continuous cropping soil could effectively alleviate the growth obstacles of cucumber during the seedling stage.