The effects of mulching methods on the soil hydrothermal environment under mulching，cucumber yield and benefits were explored，to explain the mechanism of mulching on yield increase and provide the oretical basis for deeply exploring the yield increase potential of the early spring cucumber cultivation technique.A 2-year consecutive field experiments was conducted from 2020 to 2021.Using the bare field cultivation as control(CK)，five types of plastic film mulching methods were adopted，including black film(B)，white film(W)，small arched shed(A)，black film combined with small arched shed(BA)and white film combined with small arched shed(WA).Soil temperature，soil moisture content，crop morphology and yield were measured in the early growth stage of cucumber，and the effects of film mulching on soil moisture，temperature，cucumber yield and economic benefits were analyzed.The results showed that mulching significantly increased the average soil temperature and effective accumulated temperature of 0-25 cm soil layer，and the warming effect of double film mulching treatment was significantly better than that of single film.Compared with CK，the soil temperature of the tillage layer of WA and BA treatments was increased by 3.18-4.58℃，and the effective accumulated temperature increased by 55.78%-64.94%.With the going by of mulching time，the soil moisture content was significantly improved by mulching，and the water retention effect of BA treatment was the best.The double film mulching treatment could better promote the growth of cucumber in early spring，which increased the yield by 197.95%-232.85% and 27.02%-41.90% compared with CK and the highest yield of single film mulching，respectively，and the economic benefit was as high as 167200-221100 Yuan/hm².In conclusion，double film mulching treatment could improve the soil hydrothermal conditions in the purple soil region of Southwest China，promote the vigorous growth of cucumber in early spring，increase the yield and increase the economic benefits，and was a high-yield and high-efficiency mode suitable for early spring cultivation of cucumber in the purple soil area of Southwest China.