In order to explore the application effect of integrated management practice on sweet potato and promote the sustainable production of sweet potato，five treatments were designed，including no addition of fertilizer(CK)，local conventional farming practice(FP)，optimal fertilizer management(OPT)，integrated management practice 1(OPTC)，integrated management practice 2(OPTCS). The effects of integrated agronomic practice on sweet potato production were evaluated from the aspects of sweet potato yield，quality，nutrient use efficiency，soil quality and economic benefits. The results showed that，compared with the FP treatment，the sweet potato yield of OPTC treatment was significantly increased by 19.81%，the partial factor productivity of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer was significantly increased by 51.91% and 73.63%，respectively，and the net profit was increased by 8238.77 yuan/hm². The yield of sweet potato treated with OPTCS was significantly increased by 24.79%，the content of reducing sugar in storage root was significantly increased by 39.53%，the accumulation of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium in the whole plant and the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in storage root were significantly increased，the partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus were increased by 64.27%-167.21%，the net profit was increased by 7502.23 yuan/hm²，and the soil organic carbon content was also increased. Correlation analysis found that sweet potato yield was significantly positively correlated with storage root dry matter accumulation，aboveground dry matter accumulation，storage root nitrogen accumulation，storage root phosphorus accumulation，storage root potassium accumulation，aboveground nitrogen accumulation，aboveground potassium accumulation，and soil organic carbon，and significantly negatively correlated with soil available phosphorus and available potassium. Random forest classification analysis demonstrated that soil available potassium was the main influencing factor on sweet potato yield. Therefore，integrated management practice could achieve the synergistic improvement of sweet potato yield，quality，nutrient use efficiency and economic benefits，and promote the green and sustainable production of sweet potato.