The long-term field experiment on planting and turning over Chinese milk vetch were conducted to explore effects of different application rates of Chinese milk vetch on biomass，nutrient uptake and transport of rice at different growth stages，and the soil nutrient supply capability under the condition of 20% fertilizer reduction，to determine a theoretical basis for application rates of Chinese milk vetch in the rotation system. The long-term experiment was established in Xinyang，Henan province in 2014. There were six treatments，namely，CK (no fertilizers)，F100 (conventional fertilization)，and four application levels (22.5，30，37.5 and 45 t/hm²)of Chinese milk vetch with 20% fertilizer reduction，which was marked as G1.5F80，G2F80，G2.5F80 and G3F80，respectively. The rice yield，biomass，nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium uptake and basic soil nutrients at different stages were measured. Compared with F100 treatment，there was no significant difference in rice yield among the treatments of application of Chinese milk vetch with 20% fertilizer reduction，while nitrogen recovery efficiency was significantly increased by 99.70%-132.42%. Compared with F100 treatment，straw biomass at heading stage of G2F80，G2.5F80 and G3F80 treatments was significantly increased by 31.46%，38.50% and 38.04%，respectively，and the straw biomass of G2.5F80 and G3F80 treatments was significantly increased by 27.37% and 28.32% at maturity stage，respectively. Compared with F100 treatment，the straw and grain nitrogen absorption at maturity stage of G1.5F80，G2F80，G2.5F80 and G3F80 treatments were significantly increased，the nitrogen absorption of grain increased by 28.35%-41.68%，while the nitrogen absorption of straw increased by 100.96%-179.52%，the straw phosphorus absorption of grain at maturity stage was significantly increased by 82.74%-141.38%. G2.5F80 and G3F80 treatments significantly increased the straw potassium absorption of rice at maturity stage by 31.16% and 21.68%，respectively. Compared with F100 treatment，G2F80 and G2.5F80 treatments increased nitrogen transport capacity by 40.25 and 43.00 kg/hm²，increased phosphorus transport capacity by 9.41 and 16.19 kg/hm²，respectively，and the phosphorus contribution rate to grain of G2.5F80 and G3F80 treatments were increased by 78.53 and 62.81 percentage points，respectively. Compared with F100 treatment，the soil mineral nitrogen requirement during rice growth could be met by different treatments，G1.5F80，G2F80 and G3F80 treatments significantly reduced the content of soil available potassium at jointing stage and maturity stage，respectively. Under the Chinese milk vetch and rice rotation system in southern Henan province，reducing 20% fertilizer application could improve nitrogen recovery efficiency，meet the soil nitrogen supply，and promote the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium nutrients in rice. The application of Chinese milk vetch with 30-37.5 t/hm² could significantly increase the transport of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in grain，thereby achieving stable rice yield.