磷酸改性生物炭对小白菜镉吸收的阻控效果
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(1.云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南 昆明 650201;2.云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心,云南 昆明 650201;3.云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南 昆明 650201)

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木丽远(2000-),在读硕士研究生,研究方向为资源利用、重金属污染土壤修复。E-mail:3124661799@qq.com。

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基金项目:云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202405AM340004);国家自然科学基金委员会-云南联合基金项目(U2002210)。


Effects of phosphoric acid-modified biochar on the blocking and control of cadmium uptake in Chinese cabbage
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(1.College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;2.Yunnan Engineering Research Centre for Soil Fertilization and Pollution Remediation,Kunming Yunnan 650201;3.School of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201)

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    摘要:

    为探索改性生物炭在镉污染农田的安全利用技术,实现农产品的安全生产。试验以磷酸为改性剂对玉米秸秆生物炭进行改性处理,并采用盆栽试验,共设7个处理,分别为不施加生物炭和改性生物炭(CK)、生物炭施20 g/kg(T1)、生物炭施50 g/kg(T2)、生物炭施100 g/kg(T3)、改性生物炭施20 g/kg(T4)、改性生物炭施50 g/kg(T5)、改性生物炭施100 g/kg(T6),研究磷酸改性生物炭对镉污染土壤下小白菜(Brassica campestris L.)镉吸收累积的影响。结果表明,施用生物炭和改性生物炭能显著提升土壤pH值和有机质含量。其中生物炭和改性生物炭在100 g/kg施用量下提升效果最显著。不同施用量的生物炭和改性生物炭均明显降低土壤有效态镉含量和小白菜根部镉富集系数,同一施用量下,其降低效果均表现为改性生物炭处理优于生物炭处理。不同施用量的生物炭和改性生物炭均能显著降低小白菜可食部镉含量、可食部镉富集系数和转运系数,其中改性生物炭施用量为100 g/kg时,对降低小白菜可食部镉富集系数和转运系数的效果最显著,分别较CK显著降低80.00%和70.20%。综上所述,当改性生物炭施用量为100 g/kg时对降低小白菜根部镉富集系数、可食部镉富集系数和转运系数效果最好。施用生物炭和改性生物炭均能有效修复镉污染小白菜土壤,阻控小白菜中镉富集吸收转移,其中改性生物炭处理效果优于生物炭处理。研究结果为重金属污染农田的蔬菜安全生产提供理论依据,促进资源与环境的循环利用。

    Abstract:

    The study aimed to explore the safe utilization technology of modified biochar in cadmium(Cd)contaminated farmland and realize the safe production of agricultural products. Corn stover biochar was modified with phosphoric acid as the modifier and a pot experiment was conducted with seven treatments,namely,no biochar or modified biochar applied(CK),20 g/kg biochar application(T1),50 g/kg biochar application(T2),100 g/kg biochar application(T3),20 g/kg modified biochar application(T4),50 g/kg modified biochar application(T5),and 100 g/kg modified biochar application(T6)to study the effect of phosphoric acid-modified biochar on Cd uptake and accumulation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.)under Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of biochar and modified biochar significantly increased soil pH and organic matter content. Among them,biochar and modified biochar had the most significant enhancement effect at 100 g/kg application rate. Different application rates of biochar and modified biochar significantly reduced the available Cd content in soil and Cd enrichmentcoefficient of cabbage roots,and the reduction effect of modified biochar was better than that of biochar at the same application rate. Different application rates of biochar and modified biochar significantly reduced the Cd content in the edible part of cabbage,the enrichment coefficient of Cd in the edible part and the transfer coefficient,among which the application rate of 100 g/kg of modified biochar had the most significant effect on the reduction of the enrichment coefficient of Cd and the transfer coefficient of Cd in the edible part of cabbage. They were significantly reduced by 80.00% and 70.20%,respectively,compared with CK. In conclusion,when the application rate of modified biochar was 100 g/kg,it had the best effect on reducing the Cd enrichment coefficient in the root part,Cd enrichment coefficient in the edible part and the transfer coefficient of Chinese cabbage. The application of biochar and modified biochar could effectively remediate the Cd-contaminated cabbage soil and block the transfer of Cd enrichment and absorption in cabbage,in which the effect of modified biochar treatment was better than that of biochar treatment. The results of the study could provide theoretical basis for the safe production of vegetables in heavy metal polluted farmland and promote the recycling of resources and environment.

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木丽远,周洪印,韩宇,王军磊,孙思静,张乃明,包立.磷酸改性生物炭对小白菜镉吸收的阻控效果[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(4):202-210.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16
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  • 录用日期:2024-09-21
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-25
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