In order to rationally utilize and scientifically manage the soil resources of Heilongjiang Province，this study explored the impact of different land use methods on the characteristics of the soil bacterial community in the soil. Natural grasslands，paddy fields and drylands were selected as the research objects. Soil samples were collected from the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes in the richness，diversity and community composition of the soil bacterial communities in white pulp soil under different land use modes. Combined with the physical and chemical properties of white pulp soil，the characteristics of the soil bacterial communities in the 0-20 and 20- 40 cm soil layers under different land use modes were systematically revealed. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the Alpha diversity index of microorganisms between the two soil layers of the white pulp soil. Compared with natural grasslands，the bacterial diversity index of paddy fields and drylands were significantly lower under different land use methods. The bacterial diversity of the upper soil layer was significantly higher than that of the lower soil layer. The OTU enrichment situation was the same in the two soil layers，both showing as natural grassland ＞ paddy field ＞ dry land. The principal coordinate analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of the bacterial communities in the white soil showed that the community structure of the natural grassland was most similar to that of the dryland. Redundancy analysis found that soil pH was the main environmental factor driving changes in bacterial community structure. Streptomyces and Nitrosospira were mainly enriched in the paddy fields，indicating that the soil nitrogen cycle in the paddy fields was strong. The results of this study could provide a basis for soil remediation，disease control and rational utilization of white pulp soil.