A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of ginkgo leaf litter on soil humus components in ginkgo nursery in Yanling county，so as to provide scientific basis for improving soil fertility and utilizing litter rationally. There were 5 treatments in the experiment material，including no litter(CK)，1.50 kg·m-2 litter spread in soil surface layer(T1)，3.00 kg·m-2 litter spread in soil surface layer (T2)，1.50 kg·m-2 mixed with soil (T3)，3.00 kg·m-2 mixed with soil (T4). Soil properties were measured by outdoor sampling and indoor experiments，and the effects of ginkgo leaf litter input on soil nutrients，pH，organic carbon and humus were analyzed. One year after returning litter to the field，the results showed:(1)Compared with CK，all treatments increased soil nutrient and humuscarbon content，and significantly reduced soil pH.(2)Compared with T1 treatment，the contents of soil organic matter，total nitrogen，alkali hydrobyzed nitrogen available phosphorus，available potassium and organic carbon increased significantly in T2，T3 and T4 treatments. There was no significant difference between T2 and T3 treatments in soil available phosphorus and alkali hydrobyzed nitrogen contents. The contents of soil organic matter，total nitrogen，alkali hydrobyzed nitrogen available phosphorus，available potassium and organic carbon were increased by 14.04 g·kg-1，0.46 g·kg-1，9.28 mg·kg-1，35.62 mg·kg-1，98.71 mg·kg-1 and 8.14 g·kg-1，respectively.(3)After the ginkgo leaf litter was returned to the field，the carbon content of humus components showed as T4>T3>T2>T1，the content of humic carbon，fulvic acid carbon，humic acid carbon and humin carbon increased by 189.33%，162.96%，213.68% and 74.05%，respectively，and the ratio of soil fulvic acid in extractable humus increased from 52.0% to 56.4%，the humic acid and fulvic acid ratio increased from 1.08 to 1.30，and the humic degree of soil increased significantly. The method of mixing ginkgo leaf litter with soil and returning it to the field can significantly increase the carbon content of soil humus components，which is a recommended approach to improve soil fertility.