The fertilizer utilization of straw is an important way of comprehensive management of straw. The application of straw fibrosis to promote decomposition and fertilizer production technology to prepare straw organic fertilizer，achieving rapid decomposition and fertilizer utilization of straw after leaving the field，is an effective way of fertilizer utilization of straw after leaving the field. To clarify the application effects of straw pellet organic fertilizer，field experiments were conducted in rice by the application of different base fertilizers(commercial organic fertilizer，organic slow-release fertilizer，straw organic fertilizer) and panicle fertilizers(chemical fertilizers) with different dosages. The results showed that straw organic fertilizers replacing commercial organic fertilizers as rice base fertilizers improved soil fertility，effectively increased soil organic matter and humus content，maintained high soil available potassium accumulation，and achieved high and stable crop yields while reducing chemical fertilizer application. Compared to the control treatment(T1)，high dosage straw organic fertilizer treatments(T5，T6) caused a 17.67% and 19.48% increase in the soil organic matter content，23.24% and 20.47% increase in the humus content，respectively. Organic fertilizer application caused 17.84%-47.89% increase in the soil available potassium content compared to the control treatment(T1)，while there was more than 5% increase in the yield of high-dose straw organic fertilizer treatment(T6) and organic slow-release fertilizer treatment(T7，T8) compared to the control treatment(T1). The calculation of fertilizer input efficiency demonstrated that the fertilizer input of high dosage straw organic fertilizer treatment(T6) generated certain economic benefits. Taking into account the effects of stable rice production and efficiency increase with reduced chemical fertilizers，the optimal fertilization model was named as “one base，two topdressing”，including 3600 kg/hm² of straw organic fertilizer，225 kg/hm² of tillering fertilizer urea，112.5 kg/hm² of potassium chloride，and 225 kg/hm² of ear specific fertilizer，which had higher yield and benefits.