In order to clarify the quality status of supplementary cultivated land and grasp the limiting factors for improving the quality of supplementary cultivated land，this study established an evaluation index system from the perspective of agricultural production，and analyzed the quality status of 284.7 hm² supplementary cultivated land from old orchards and abandoned land in Anding town，Daxing district，and 132.1 hm² supplementary cultivated land from construction land in Huangcun town Daxing district. The obstacle degree model was used to select the top 3 limiting factors for sorting and combining，and to determine the combination type of limiting factors and the dominant limiting factors. The results showed that:(1) The soil nutrient content of the supplementary cultivated land from the construction land in Huangcun town was significantly lower than that from the old orchards and abandoned land in Anding town. In addition，the soil was heavy and the comprehensive quality level was relatively low. The average values of organic matter，available phosphorus and available potassium in the supplementary farmland in Anding town were 10.1 g/kg，21.1 mg/kg and 133 mg/kg，respectively. The soil texture of plow layer was mainly sandy loam，loamy sandy soil and silty loam. The soil bulk density of 33% of the supplementary farmland was greater than 1.55 g/cm3，and the average soil pH was 8.68. The average values of organic matter，available phosphorus and available potassium in the supplementary farmland in Huangcun town were 5.4 g/kg，10.1 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg，respectively. The soil texture of plow layer was mainly sandy loam and silty loam. The soil bulk density of 70% of the supplementary farmland was greater than 1.55 g/cm3，and the average soil pH was 8.70. The average quality grade of supplementary cultivated land in Huangcun town and Anding town was 5.48 and 4.66，respectively. (2) There were 16 types of supplementary cultivated land restriction factors in Huangcun town and 32 types in Anding town. The soil texture of plow layer limiting factor was the dominant limiting factor of supplementary cultivated land in Huangcun town and Anding town，accounting for 70.4% and 64.6% of the key areas of supplementary cultivated land，respectively. Organic matter content and irrigation capacity were the second major limiting factors in Huangcun townand Anding town，respectively. The area of "surface texture + organic matter + thickness of effective soil layer" was the largest among all the limiting factor combinations in Huangcun town，which was 59.9 hm²，accounting for 45.3% of the supplementary cultivated land in Huangcun town. Among all the limiting factor combinations in Anding town，the area of "surface texture +pH+ organic matter" was the largest，which was 47.9 hm²，accounting for 16.8% of the supplementary cultivated land in Anding town. The research results could provide scientific basis for demarcating key areas for improving the quality of supplementary cultivated land.