Coffee is an important industry of modern agriculture in Yunnan.The study aimed to accurately evaluate the effects of new mineral fertilizer(main components K2SO4·MgSO4·2CaSO4·2H2O)combined with organic fertilizer on the soil fertility quality of planted coffee，and to explore the sustainable fertilization technique for improving the soil quality，increasing yield and efficiency in high quality coffee.Field experiment was conducted based on the field plot location trial for 6 consecutive years，the quality of soil fertility was evaluated comprehensively using the Nemero index method，fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and principal component analysis for five treatments，including no fertilization(CK)，2 types of locally conventional fertilizers(with potassium sulfate or potassium chloride，SOP or MOP)，mineral fertilizer(POLY)，and mineral fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer(POF).The results showed that mineral fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer application significantly improved the economic characteristics of coffee fresh fruits，yield sustainability and yield stability，and increased the available nutrients content and soil fertility quality.Compared with the conventional fertilizers SOP and MOP treatments ，coffee fresh fruit yield was increased by 14.2% and 38.22% under POLY and POF treatments，respectively，while POF treatment significantly increased by 17.98% compared with POLY treatment.Under POLY and POF treatments，coffee yield sustainability was significantly higher(5.28% and 4.80%，respectively)and yield stability was significantly higher(52.55% and 46.08%，respectively)，compared with SOP treatment.Under all three evaluation methods，the soil integrated fertility index(IFI)of different fertilization treatments showed that POF>POLY>MOP>SOP>CK，and POLY and POF treatments were significantly higher than SOP and MOP treatments by 13.57%-32.15% and 34.09%-54.03%，respectively.The IFI of Nemero index method，fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and principal component analysis of POF treatment were significantly higher than POLY treatment by 15.50%，18.04% and 259.17%，respectively.Random forest model showed that soil exchangeable calcium，exchangeable magnesium，organic matter and alkaline nitrogen content were the main determinants of coffee fresh fruit yield with explanatory rates of 9.14%，9.06%，7.98% and 7.55%，respectively.Mineral fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer application significantly increased soil organic matter，total nitrogen，available nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium，exchangeable calcium and magnesium content and soil pH，which significantly improved the quality of soil fertility，and increased the fresh fruit yield of coffee while maintaining a high degree of sustainability and stability of yield.