This study aimed to evaluate the effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer on flue-cured tobacco and soil under the flue-cured tobacco-green manure system，and to explore the optimization methods of high-quality production soil and nutrient management for flue-cured tobacco.A field plot experiment was set up，with winter fallow and conventional fertilization of flue-cured tobacco as controls，and smooth vetch and rapeseed as test green manures.The agronomic traits，yield，output value，proportion of superior tobacco and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied under the application of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer with 30% nutrient reduction after planting and turning over.The physical and chemical properties of tobacco-growing soil and the activities of enzymes related to carbon，nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient conversion were analyzed.The study found that compared with conventional fertilization treatment，when Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens was combined with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer，the average price and output value of flue-cured tobacco were increased by 7.5% and 8.8%，respectively；when combined with slow-release potassium fertilizer，the yield，proportion of high-quality tobacco，average price and output value of flue-cured tobacco were increased by 6.1%，5.8%，15.1% and 21.8%，respectively.When rape was combined with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer，the average price and output value of flue-cured tobacco were increased by 7.8% and 6.0%，respectively；when combined with slow-release potassium fertilizer，the yield，proportion of high-grade tobacco，average price and output value of flue-cured tobacco were increased by 8.6%，6.7%，6.2% and 15.2%，respectively.The output value of smooth vetch with slow-release potassium fertilizer was the highest，reaching 95500 Yuan/hm².The agronomic traits and quality of flue-cured tobacco were also significantly improved，and the plant height，number of effective leaves and maximum leaf width were significantly were increased.The nicotine content of smooth vetch and rapeseed with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer were decreased by 18.0% and 18.2%，respectively，the combined application of glossy purple vetch and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer，the content of chloride ions was decreased by 24.0% and that of potassium ions was increased by 7.8% respectively；the nicotine content of smooth vetch and rapeseed with slow-release potassium fertilizer were decreased by 18.0% and 20.4%，respectively，the chloride ion of smooth vetch was decreased by 8.0%，and the rapeseed with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was increased by 15.4%.Green manure rotation with slow-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers improved soil nutrient properties，increased soil carbon，nitrogen，phosphorus and redox hydrolase activities，and reduced soil microbial metabolic nitrogen limitation.The contents of available potassium and NH4+-N，NO^3--N under the combination of Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer were increased by 8.3% and 37.3%，respectively；those under the combination of rape and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer were increased by 3.6% and 40.0%，respectively；those under the combination of Vicia villosa Roth var.glabrescens and slow-release potassium fertilizer were increased by 3.9% and 44.6%，respectively；those under the combination of rape and slow-release potassium fertilizer were increased by 7.2% and 47.5%，respectively.The carbon limitation of soil microbial metabolism decreased by 5.1% and the nitrogen limitation decreased by 8.3% under the treatment of rapeseed with slow-release potassium fertilizer.As a result，compared with winter fallow and conventional fertilization，planting and pressing green manure with slow-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers could increase the yield，average price，flue-cured tobacco traits and quality.At the same time，it could also improve the soil nutrient status，increase the soil carbon，nitrogen，phosphorus and oxidoreductase activity，and reduce the nitrogen limitation of soil microbial metabolism.The comprehensive effect of smooth vetch or rapeseed with slow-release potassium fertilizer was the best，which could be promoted and applied in Yunnan tobacco-growing areas.