KH2PO4与硼、锌、钼配施对烤烟生长、产量及烟叶生理特性的影响
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(1.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所/河南省农业资源与环境重点实验室,河南 郑州 450002;2.河南省烟草专卖局(公司),河南 郑州 450046;3.河南省烟草公司驻马店市公司,河南 驻马店 463000)

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程培军(1991-),助理研究员,硕士,主要从事经济作物施肥管理。E-mail:cpjzw101@163.com。

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基金项目:河南省烟草总公司驻马店市公司技术创新项目(2023411700200038);河南省农业科学院创新团队项目(2024TD10)。


Effects of potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with boron,zinc and molybdenum on the growth,yield and tobacco leaves physiological activities of flue-cured tobacco
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(1.Institute of Plant Nutrition and Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science/Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Zhengzhou Henan 450002;2.Henan Provincial Tobacco Monopoly Bureau(Company),Zhengzhou Henan 450046;3.Zhumadian Prefecture Branch of Henan Tobacco Company,Zhumadian Henan 463000)

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    摘要:

    发挥磷酸二氢钾与硼、锌、钼间协作优势是烤烟高产及养分高效利用的重要措施。设置7个处理[不施叶面肥(CK),叶面施硼(B)、叶面施锌(Zn)、叶面施钼(Mo)、叶面施磷酸二氢钾+硼(KH2PO4+B)、叶面施磷酸二氢钾+锌(KH2PO4+Zn)、叶面施磷酸二氢钾+钼(KH2PO4+Mo)],探讨了硼、锌、钼单施及与磷酸二氢钾配施对烟叶养分含量、生理指标和烤后烟叶化学成分的影响。结果表明,与CK处理相比,单喷施微量元素的烟叶株高、茎围、叶面积、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化歧化酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、净光合速率分别增加了3.9%~6.7%、5.1%~11.8%、9.2%~38.2%、9.6%~16.7%、7.1%~18.2%、7.9%~18.2%、6.0%~16.3%、11.1%~17.1%、7.3%~18.0%,烤烟增产0.3%~14.6%。单喷施B、Zn和Mo对叶片氮、磷、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、烤烟产量、产值和上等烟比例的影响显著,从B到Zn再到Mo呈逐步增加的趋势。KH2PO4结合微量元素喷施较单喷施微量元素烤烟株高、叶片数、茎围、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化氢酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛含量、净光合速率分别增加了4.5%~18.6%、4.7%~17.7%、3.7%~17.3%、7.0%~9.9%、18.3%~39.7%、15.7%~40.5%、12.7%~38.8%、3.7%~5.8%、4.8%~16.7%,烤烟增产5.8%~12.9%,优化了烤烟化学成分。KH2PO4结合Mo喷施较B和Zn分别显著提高上部叶钾含量10.4%和6.3%。综合分析,单喷Mo效果优于单喷B、Zn,KH2PO4结合Mo喷施效果优于KH2PO4结合B、Zn喷施。

    Abstract:

    Taking advantage of the interaction between potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with boron,zinc and molybdenum is an important measure for high yield and high efficient of nutrients for flue-cured tobacco.Seven treatments were set up,including no foliar fertilizer(CK),foliar boron(B),foliar zinc(Zn),foliar molybdenum(Mo),foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate+boron(KH2PO4+B),foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate+zinc(KH2PO4+Zn),foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate+molybdenum(KH2PO4+Mo).The effects of potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with boron,zinc and molybdenum nutrient content,physiological indicators and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves were explored.The results showed that,compared with CK treatment,the application of microelements alone increased plant height,girth,leaf area,the soluble sugar and protein content,superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, peroxidase activity and net photosynthetic rate,yield of flue-cured tobacco leaves by 3.9%-6.7%,5.1%-11.8%,9.2%-38.2%,9.6%-16.7%,7.1%-18.2%,7.9%-18.2%,6.0%-16.3%,11.1%-17.1%,7.3%-18.0%,0.3%-14.6%,respectively.The single spraying of boron,zinc,and molybdenum demonstrated optimal effects on leaf nitrogen,phosphorus,soluble protein,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,as well as yield,output value,and the proportion of high-grade tobacco leaves in flue-cured tobacco.These parameters exhibited a gradually increasing trend from boron to zinc to molybdenum.Plant height,number of blades,girth,the soluble sugar and protein content,catalase activity, peroxidase activity,malondialdehyde content,net photosynthetic rate and yield of flue-cured tobacco treated with potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with trace element spraying were increased by 4.5%-18.6%,4.7%-17.7%,3.7%-17.3%,7.0%-9.9%,18.3%-39.7%,15.7%-40.5%,12.7%-38.8%,3.7%-5.8%,4.8%-16.7% and 5.8%-12.9%,respectively,compared to the treatment with trace element spraying alone.The chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco was optimized.The combined application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with molybdenum significantly increased potassium content in upper leaves by 10.4% and 6.3%,compared to boron and zinc,respectively.Comprehensive analysis indicated that single molybdenum spraying demonstrated superior effectiveness to individual boron or zinc application,and the combination of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with molybdenum demonstrated superior effectiveness to the combination of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with boron or zinc application.

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程培军,李伟观,徐敏,李亮,郝浩浩,张翔,唐培培,王迅,司贤宗,索炎炎,徐凤丹,吴俊林,陈中尚,李倩,闫萌. KH2PO4与硼、锌、钼配施对烤烟生长、产量及烟叶生理特性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料123,2025,(9):111-118

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-31
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  • 录用日期:2025-04-26
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-11-04
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