To explore the stoichiometric characteristics of typical agricultural soils at the national scale，a total of 443 data points on organic carbon(SOC)，total nitrogen(TN)，and total phosphorus(TP)in typical farmland soils were collected from literature and monographs between 2013 and 2023. By using the data of inorganic fertilizer input，crop and livestock yield from the National Bureau of Statistics in the past decade，the input of inorganic fertilizers(IF)，straw(SF)，manure(MF)，and total fertilizers(F)in each region was estimated. Statistical methods such as one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the response relationship between the stoichiometric characteristics of farmland soils in major agricultural production areas and the input of fertilizer materials. The results showed that the average C/N ratio of farmland soil in China was 10.20，ranging from 4.22 to 20.55，with no significant differences between regions. The average values of soil C/P and N/P were 770.8 and 76.15，respectively，ranging from 90.4 to 2749.1 and from 8.24 to 296.08，respectively，both of which were the highest in the southwest region and significantly higher than in the northwest and north China. The regions with the highest input of external materials carbon(C)，nitrogen(N)，and phosphorushe(P2O5)were northwest，southwest，and south China，respectively. The highest input materials C/N and C/P were in north China(12.19，36.93)，and the highest N/P was in east China(3.16). Pearson correlation analysis revealed no significant correlation between the C/N ratio of farmland soil and external material input in China. In Northeast China，a highly significant negative correlation was observed between soil C/P and N/P_F，C/P_F and C_SF. Conversely，North China，Central China，East China and South China exhibited a significant positive correlation between soil C/P and C_MF，N_MF and P_MF. Northwest China，however，showed a significant negative correlation between soil C/P and C_MF，N_MF and P_MF. Soil N/P in Northeast China was negatively regulated by C/P_F，N/P_F and C_SF，but positively by C/N_F. North China’s soil N/P was negatively influenced by N_IF，while South China and Southwest China’s soil N/P was positively influenced by C/N_F，C/P_F and C_F. The results indicated that there were no significant spatial differences in soil C/N ratios across typical agricultural systems in China，with C/P and N/P ratios tending to decrease in the north and increase in the south. The C/N ratio of typical farmland soils in China was minimally influenced by external material inputs. In Northeast China，straw was the key regulatory factor for soil C/P，while manure played a similar role in other regions. Soil N/P was regulated by the total input ratio of exogenous materials in northeast，south and southwest China. These stoichiometric characteristics and their responses to input materials were crucial for guiding the optimization of fertilization strategies and efficient resource utilization in farmland areas.