Conducting soil heavy metal content analysis and pollution risk assessment is the key to soil pollution prevention and control.This study focused on the soil of Taihe township in Fengjie county，the producing areas of Chinese medicinal materials in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region，a total of 314 surface soil samples(0-20 cm)were collected.The total content and speciation of soil heavy metals(As，Cd，Cr，Cu，Hg，Ni，Pb and Zn)，soil pH and major element contents were analyzed.The Nemero comprehensive pollution index and the potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate soil heavy metal pollution and associated risks.The results showed that the average contents of As，Cd，Cr，Cu，Hg，Ni，Pb and Zn in the soil were 17.92，0.43，78.58，27.02，0.11，33.14，33.39 and 89.98 mg/kg，respectively，which were all higher than the background values of surface soil in Chongqing city.The soil in the study area was predominantly strongly acidic and acidic.The Nemero comprehensive index was mainly slightly polluted and lightly polluted，with the point proportions of 39.38% and 49.69%，respectively.The potential ecological risk was mainly medium risk(the point proportion was 97.81%)，and the main pollution factor was Cd.The bioavailability of Cd in the soil was mainly affected by soil pH and the content of CaO.For the acidic and strongly acidic soils in the study area，it is recommended to apply appropriate amounts of alkaline soil conditioners，mainly composed of CaO，to reduce the ecological risk of heavy metals such as soil Cd.